Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
Environ Monit Assess. 2012 Mar;184(3):1379-89. doi: 10.1007/s10661-011-2048-0. Epub 2011 Apr 15.
The distribution and accumulation of heavy metals (Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, Sn, Ba, Pb) in the water, sediments, plankton of Yeniçağa Lake, and its potential sources (creeks, sewage, artesian well, soil) were investigated during 1-year study period as monthly or seasonally. Element analyses were performed by ICP-MS. Results showed that the trace and toxic elements (Al, As, Mn, Pb, Fe) concentration in lake water and/or its feeding sources were above the recommended water standards (WHO, EC, EPA, TS-266). It was found that the maximum accumulation of the heavy metals iron, aluminum, manganese, zinc, and barium in the sediment of Yeniçağa Lake. The accumulation order of trace metals were Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > Ba > Ni > Cr > As > Cu > Pb > Co > Mo > Sn > Cd in the lake, creeks sediment, and soil samples. The similar results suggest that the accumulation of heavy metals in the sediment is a natural process. Metals accumulated in the lake are naturally mixed from the soil. However, the presence of heavy metals in the analysis of artesian well water and sewage reveals that the transportation occurs also from the groundwater to the lake. The results obtained in plankton in Yeniçağa Lake showed that aluminum, iron, manganese, zinc, and barium were most accumulated elements in the plankton. The lower averages of lead prevalent in the water and sediment during some months were seen to have a significant mean accumulation in the plankton.
在为期 1 年的研究期间，逐月或按季节调查了叶尼恰加湖的水、沉积物、浮游生物中重金属（Al、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Mo、Cd、Sn、Ba、Pb）的分布和积累情况及其潜在来源（溪流、污水、自流井、土壤）。通过 ICP-MS 进行元素分析。结果表明，湖水及其补给源中的痕量和有毒元素（Al、As、Mn、Pb、Fe）浓度均高于推荐的水质标准（世卫组织、欧共体、美国环保署、TS-266）。研究发现，叶尼恰加湖中沉积物中铁、铝、锰、锌和钡的重金属积累量最大。湖泊、溪流沉积物和土壤样品中痕量金属的积累顺序为 Fe > Al > Mn > Zn > Ba > Ni > Cr > As > Cu > Pb > Co > Mo > Sn > Cd。类似的结果表明，沉积物中重金属的积累是一个自然过程。金属从土壤中自然地积累在湖中。然而，自流井和污水中重金属的存在表明，重金属也从地下水向湖中迁移。在叶尼恰加湖浮游生物中的研究结果表明，铝、铁、锰、锌和钡是浮游生物中积累最多的元素。在某些月份，水中和沉积物中铅的平均值较低，但在浮游生物中却有显著的平均积累。
