The National Poisons Information Centre, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland.
Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2011 Mar;49(3):171-6. doi: 10.3109/15563650.2011.560854.
Occasionally, mycologist assistance is requested to reliably identify mushroom species in symptomatic cases where there is a concern that a toxic species is involved. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of mushroom poisoning in Ireland, to describe the working arrangement between the National Poisons Information Centre (NPIC) and professional mycologists and to present a case series detailing the circumstances when mycologists were consulted.
Computerised records from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed and data on patient demographics, circumstances, and mushroom species collated. In 1999, the NPIC established a national registry of volunteer professional mycologists who are available 24 h/day for mushroom identification. The NPIC staff liaises directly with the mycologist and arranges transport of mushroom material. Digital photographic images are requested if there is likely to be a delay in arranging transportation of mushroom material, and the images are subsequently emailed to a mycologist. Five cases of suspected mushroom poisoning were chosen to demonstrate the inter-professional collaboration between the NPIC and mycologists.
From 2004 to 2009, the NPIC was consulted about 70 cases of suspected mushroom exposures. Forty-five children ingested unknown mushrooms, 12 adults and 2 children ingested hallucinogenic mushrooms and 11 adults ingested wild toxic mushrooms that were incorrectly identified or confused with edible species. The mycologists were consulted 10 times since 1999. In this series, Amanita species were identified in two cases. In three cases, the species identified were Clitocybe nebularis, Coprinus comatus and Panaeolina foenisecii, respectively, and serious poisoning was excluded. Incorrect mushroom identification by a health care professional using the Internet occurred in two cases. The mycologists assisted Poisons Information Centres in Northern Ireland and the United Kingdom in two cases. Digital photographs facilitated tentative mushroom identification in two cases.
Poison information centres should maintain a registry of expert mycologists who are available for consultation following potentially serious mushroom intoxications. Health care workers should not attempt to identify toxic mushroom species using the Internet as erroneous identification can occur. Digital photography may help with mushroom identification when there is likely to be a delay organising a physical examination of mushroom tissue.
偶尔，当怀疑涉及有毒物种时，需要真菌学家的协助来可靠地识别症状性病例中的蘑菇物种。本研究的目的是描述爱尔兰蘑菇中毒的流行病学，描述国家毒物信息中心（NPIC）与专业真菌学家之间的工作安排，并介绍详细说明咨询真菌学家情况的病例系列。
回顾性审查了 2004 年 1 月 1 日至 2009 年 12 月 31 日的计算机记录，并收集了患者人口统计学、情况和蘑菇物种的数据。1999 年，NPIC 建立了一个全国志愿专业真菌学家的注册处，这些真菌学家 24 小时可供识别蘑菇。NPIC 工作人员直接与真菌学家联系，并安排蘑菇材料的运输。如果安排运输蘑菇材料可能会有延迟，则请求数字摄影图像，并将图像随后通过电子邮件发送给真菌学家。选择了五个疑似蘑菇中毒的病例来说明 NPIC 和真菌学家之间的专业合作。
从 2004 年至 2009 年，NPIC 共咨询了约 70 例疑似蘑菇暴露病例。45 名儿童摄入了未知蘑菇，12 名成人和 2 名儿童摄入了致幻蘑菇，11 名成人摄入了野生有毒蘑菇，这些蘑菇被错误识别或与可食用物种混淆。自 1999 年以来，真菌学家共咨询了 10 次。在这个系列中，鉴定出两种鹅膏菌属物种。在三种情况下，分别鉴定出 Clitocybe nebularis、Coprinus comatus 和 Panaeolina foenisecii，排除了严重中毒。两名医护人员使用互联网错误识别蘑菇，发生了两起错误鉴定的情况。真菌学家协助了北爱尔兰和英国的毒物信息中心，在两起案例中提供了帮助。在两种情况下，数字照片有助于临时鉴定蘑菇。
毒物信息中心应维护专家真菌学家的注册处，以便在发生潜在严重蘑菇中毒时进行咨询。医护人员不应尝试使用互联网识别有毒蘑菇物种，因为可能会出现错误识别。当组织蘑菇组织检查可能会有延迟时，数字摄影可能有助于蘑菇鉴定。
