Ondo William G
Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2011;100:287-91. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52014-2.00021-5.
Hemichorea and generalized chorea are well-recognized syndromes associated with nonketotic hyperglycemia. This condition usually occurs in older age, affects females more than men, and often heralds a new diagnosis of diabetes, usually type 2. It may resolve over days with treatment of the underlying hyperglycemia or persist for years. Magnetic resonance imaging is very characteristic, and shows T1 hyperdensity in the striatum. The underlying pathophysiology is not clear, but recent evidence suggests that the imaging may represent zinc, as opposed to calcium. Tetrabenazine has worked well when symptomatic treatment is required. Other rare causes of metabolic choreas include hypoparathyroid abnormalities, hypoglycemia, and hypernatremia.
偏侧舞蹈症和全身性舞蹈症是与非酮症高血糖相关的公认综合征。这种情况通常发生在老年，女性比男性更易受影响，并且常常预示着新诊断出的糖尿病，通常为2型糖尿病。它可能在数天内随着潜在高血糖的治疗而缓解，或者持续数年。磁共振成像具有非常典型的表现，显示纹状体T1高信号。潜在的病理生理学尚不清楚，但最近的证据表明，成像表现可能代表锌，而非钙。在需要进行对症治疗时，丁苯那嗪效果良好。代谢性舞蹈症的其他罕见病因包括甲状旁腺功能减退异常、低血糖和高钠血症。
