Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2011 Jun;37(3):737-49. doi: 10.1037/a0021934.
Choice reactions to a property of an object stimulus are often faster when the location of a graspable part of the object corresponds with the location of a keypress response than when it does not, a phenomenon called the object-based Simon effect. Experiments 1-3 examined this effect for variants of teapot stimuli that were oriented to the left or right. Whether keypress responses were made with fingers within the same hand or between different hands was also manipulated. Experiment 1 showed that, for judgments of stimulus color and upright-inverted orientation, the Simon effect for intact teapots occurred in the direction of the spout location and was larger for within- than between-hand response modes. In Experiments 2 and 3, teapots with the handle or spout removed showed separate contributions of each component to the Simon effect. In Experiment 4, we clarified a discrepancy between our findings of object-based Simon effects and a previously reported absence of effect with color judgments for door-handle stimuli. We obtained an object-based Simon effect with respect to handle position when the bases of the door handles were centered but not when the handles were centered. The findings that object-based Simon effects occur with color judgments and when responses are fingers on the same hand are in closer agreement with a location coding account than with a grasping affordance account.
当物体可抓取部分的位置与按键响应位置相对应时，对物体刺激属性的选择反应通常比不相对应时更快，这种现象称为基于物体的 Simon 效应。实验 1-3 研究了茶壶刺激物的变体，这些变体向左或向右定向。按键响应是用同一只手的手指还是不同的手进行也被操纵。实验 1 表明，对于刺激颜色和直立-倒置方向的判断，完整茶壶的 Simon 效应出现在壶嘴位置的方向上，并且在同手响应模式下大于不同手响应模式。在实验 2 和 3 中，去除把手或壶嘴的茶壶显示出每个组件对 Simon 效应的单独贡献。在实验 4 中，我们澄清了我们关于基于物体的 Simon 效应的发现与先前关于门把手刺激物颜色判断无效应的报告之间的差异。当门把手的底座居中而不是把手居中时，我们在手的同一手指的按键响应的基础上获得了基于物体的 Simon 效应。关于颜色判断的基于物体的 Simon 效应以及当响应是同一手上的手指时，这些发现与位置编码解释更一致，而不是与抓取能力解释更一致。
