Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700 STN CSC, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 2Y2, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2021 Jul;83(5):2017-2032. doi: 10.3758/s13414-021-02296-z. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
A widely held though debatable claim is that the picture of an object like a frying pan automatically elicits features of a left/right-handed grasp action even in perceptual tasks that make no demands on the observer to consider the graspable properties of the depicted object. Here, we sought to further elucidate this claim by relying on a methodology that allowed us to distinguish between the influence of motor versus spatial codes on the selection of a left/right-handed response while electroencephalographic data were recorded. In our experiment, participants classified images of frying pans as upright or inverted using a left/right key press or by making a left/right-handed reach-and-grasp action towards a centrally located response element while we recorded electroencephalographic (EEG) data. In line with previous evidence (Bub, Masson, & van Noordenne, Journal of Experiment Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 47(1), 53-80, 2021), these two modes of responding generated distinct correspondence effects on performance induced by the same set of images. In terms of our EEG data, we found that neither motor (the lateralized readiness potential) nor visual (N100 and P100) potentials were sensitive to handle-response hand correspondence. However, an exploratory theta analysis revealed that changes in frontal theta power mirrored the different correspondence effects evoked by the image on key press responses versus reach and grasp actions. Importantly, our results provide a link between these disparate effects and the engagement of cognitive control, highlighting a possible role of top-down control processes in separating motor features from the task-irrelevant features of an object, and thus in claims regarding object affordances more generally.
一种普遍但有争议的观点认为，即使在不需要观察者考虑所描绘物体可抓握特性的感知任务中，对物体如煎锅的图像的感知也会自动引发左/右手抓握动作的特征。在这里，我们通过依赖一种允许我们区分运动与空间代码对选择左/右手反应的影响的方法来进一步阐明这一观点，同时记录脑电图 (EEG) 数据。在我们的实验中，参与者使用左/右键按下或向左/右手伸向位于中心的响应元素来对煎锅图像进行分类，判断其是直立还是倒置，同时我们记录脑电图 (EEG) 数据。与之前的证据一致（Bub、Masson 和 van Noordenne，《实验心理学杂志：人类感知和表现》，第 47 卷（1），第 53-80 页，2021 年），这两种响应模式对同一组图像产生的性能产生了不同的对应效应。就我们的 EEG 数据而言，我们发现运动（侧化准备电位）和视觉（N100 和 P100）电位都不受手柄-响应手对应关系的影响。然而，探索性的theta 分析表明，额部 theta 功率的变化反映了图像对按键响应与伸手抓握动作所引起的不同对应效应。重要的是，我们的结果将这些不同的效应与认知控制的参与联系起来，突出了自上而下控制过程在从物体的任务无关特征中分离运动特征方面的可能作用，从而更普遍地涉及到对物体可供性的主张。
