Collaborative on Health and the Environment, USA.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2012 Jun;66(6):479-81. doi: 10.1136/jech.2011.133694. Epub 2011 Apr 17.
The increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children around the world is unexplained. Even though various environmental chemicals have been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes as well as other autoimmune diseases, the possibility that environmental chemicals may contribute to the development of T1D has not been adequately evaluated. There is preliminary epidemiological evidence that exposure to certain chemicals, such as N-nitroso compounds, air pollutants and persistent organic pollutants is associated with T1D. Environmental chemicals that can act as endocrine disruptors may affect the development and function of the immune system in ways that could promote autoimmunity, and thereby contribute to the development of T1D. As such, the potential low-dose effects of chemicals should be considered in both epidemiological and experimental study designs of T1D. If chemicals indeed contribute to the development of T1D, then this disease may be partly preventable.
全世界儿童 1 型糖尿病（T1D）发病率不断上升，但原因尚未阐明。虽然已有多种环境化学物质与 2 型糖尿病和其他自身免疫性疾病的发生有关，但环境化学物质是否可能导致 T1D 的发生尚未得到充分评估。初步流行病学证据表明，接触某些化学物质，如亚硝胺类化合物、空气污染物和持久性有机污染物，与 T1D 有关。作为内分泌干扰物的环境化学物质可能以促进自身免疫的方式影响免疫系统的发育和功能，从而导致 T1D 的发生。因此，在 T1D 的流行病学和实验研究设计中，都应考虑化学物质的低剂量效应。如果化学物质确实会导致 T1D 的发生，那么这种疾病可能在一定程度上是可以预防的。
