Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2011 Mar-Apr;87(2):175-9. doi: 10.2223/JPED.2066.
To describe the management of acute diarrhea in emergency departments with emphasis on the type of hydration and exploring factors associated with prescription of oral rehydration therapy vs. intravenous rehydration therapy for children with dehydration that is not severe.
This was a descriptive study conducted from January to May of 2008 observing case management of children with non-severe dehydration due to acute diarrhea at two emergency units (A and B) in Recife, Brazil. Emergency unit B is affiliated to a teaching hospital. The primary variables were: 1) type of hydration prescribed, 2) associations with the characteristics of the children and emergency department (A or B).
A total of 166 children took part in the study. The rates of prescription of oral rehydration therapy were similar at both services (32.2 vs. 31.6% for A and B, respectively, p = 0.93) and were lower for cases with moderate dehydration (17.6%) compared with mild dehydration (35.6%) (p = 0.07). Neither service had a dedicated oral rehydration room.
Most children were given intravenous rehydration therapy, especially those with moderate dehydration, without differences according type of service: whether a teaching institution or healthcare provider only.
描述急诊科急性腹泻的治疗管理方法，重点介绍补液类型，并探讨与儿童非严重脱水患者的口服补液治疗与静脉补液治疗处方相关的因素。
这是一项描述性研究，于 2008 年 1 月至 5 月在巴西累西腓的两个急诊单位（A 和 B）观察因急性腹泻导致非严重脱水的儿童的病例管理情况。急诊单位 B 隶属于一家教学医院。主要变量是：1）所开的补液类型，2）与儿童和急诊科室（A 或 B）特征相关的因素。
共有 166 名儿童参与了研究。两个服务机构的口服补液治疗处方率相似（A 和 B 分别为 32.2%和 31.6%，p = 0.93），中度脱水（17.6%）的病例比例低于轻度脱水（35.6%）（p = 0.07）。两个服务机构都没有专门的口服补液室。
大多数儿童接受静脉补液治疗，尤其是中度脱水的儿童，与服务类型（教学机构或医疗机构）无关。
