Gruber U F
Physico-Chemical Toxicology, University of Basel, Kantonsspital, Switzerland.
Anticancer Drugs. 1990 Dec;1(2):187-97. doi: 10.1097/00001813-199012000-00012.
Long lasting occupational exposure to asbestos dust may cause skin corns, benign pleural effusion, hyaline plaques of the parietal pleura, diffuse thickening of the pulmonary pleura, and asbestosis, i.e. diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Malignant disorders include lung cancer and mesothelioma of the pleura, peritoneum and pericardium. In general, many years elapse from first exposure to the appearance of symptoms. Almost all these diseases are the result of dusty working conditions more than 20 years ago. In spite of the fact that the general public is invariably exposed to small amounts of the material, asbestos is not a public health problem. Even living in a building containing sprayed asbestos is calculated to produce a lifetime risk of death which is negligible. There is no evidence to indicate that ingested asbestos fibres represent a major health problem.
长期职业性接触石棉粉尘可能导致皮肤鸡眼、良性胸腔积液、壁层胸膜透明斑、肺胸膜弥漫性增厚以及石棉肺,即弥漫性间质性肺纤维化。恶性疾病包括肺癌以及胸膜、腹膜和心包的间皮瘤。一般来说,从首次接触到症状出现会经过许多年。几乎所有这些疾病都是20多年前多尘工作环境的结果。尽管公众总是会接触到少量这种物质,但石棉并非公共卫生问题。即使居住在含有喷涂石棉的建筑物中,计算得出的终生死亡风险也是微不足道的。没有证据表明摄入的石棉纤维会构成重大健康问题。