Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, 340 Albert Street, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2011 Apr;23(2):160-5. doi: 10.3109/09540261.2011.559456.
Although symptoms characteristic of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been noted in military personnel for many centuries, it was not until 1980 that the disorder was formally recognized and became the focus of legitimate study. This paper reviews our current state of knowledge regarding the prevalence and course of this complex condition in past and present members of the defence forces. Although rates vary across conflicts and countries, there is no doubt that PTSD affects substantial numbers of personnel and results in considerable impairment in functioning and quality of life. The paper goes on to discuss recent attempts to build resilience and to promote adjustment following deployment, noting that there is little evidence at this stage upon which to draw firm conclusions. Finally, effective treatment for PTSD is reviewed, with particular reference to the challenges posed by this population in a treatment setting.
尽管军事人员出现创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的典型症状已有数个世纪之久，但直到 1980 年，这种障碍才得到正式承认，并成为合法研究的焦点。本文回顾了我们目前对过去和现在的国防人员中这种复杂情况的流行率和病程的了解。尽管在不同的冲突和国家中，发病率有所不同，但毫无疑问，PTSD 影响了大量人员，并导致他们的功能和生活质量受到严重损害。本文接着讨论了最近在部署后建立韧性和促进适应的尝试，指出在现阶段，几乎没有证据可以得出确凿的结论。最后，审查了 PTSD 的有效治疗方法，特别提到了在治疗环境中这一人群带来的挑战。
