Department of Psychiatry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
Addict Biol. 2011 Oct;16(4):638-53. doi: 10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00322.x. Epub 2011 Apr 26.
Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for most of the diseases leading in mortality. Nicotine dependence (ND), which sustains regular smoking, is now acknowledged to be under substantial genetic control with some environmental contribution. At present, however, genetic studies on ND are mostly conducted in populations that have been poorly characterized with regard to ND-related phenotypes for the simple reason that the respective populations were not primarily collected to study ND. The German multi-centre study 'Genetics of Nicotine Dependence and Neurobiological Phenotypes', which is funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) as part of the Priority Program (Schwerpunktprogramm) SPP1226: 'Nicotine-Molecular and Physiological Effects in CNS', was intended to overcome some of these inherent problems of current genetic studies of ND. The multi-centre study is a population-based case-control study of smokers and never-smokers (n = 2396). The study was unique worldwide because it was the first large-scale genetic study specifically addressing ND with the collection of a wide range of environmental, psychosocial and neurobiological phenotypes. Study design and major population characteristics with emphasis on risk prediction of smoking status were presented in this paper.
吸烟是导致大多数疾病和死亡的主要危险因素。尼古丁依赖（ND）是维持规律吸烟的主要原因，目前已经确认它受到遗传因素的显著影响，同时也受到环境因素的影响。然而，目前关于 ND 的遗传研究大多是在对 ND 相关表型特征描述不完善的人群中进行的，原因很简单，因为各自的人群并非主要为了研究 ND 而收集的。德国多中心研究“尼古丁依赖的遗传学和神经生物学表型”，由德国研究基金会（Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft，DFG）作为重点计划（Schwerpunktprogramm） SPP1226 的一部分资助：“中枢神经系统中的尼古丁-分子和生理效应”，旨在克服当前 ND 遗传研究中存在的一些固有问题。这项多中心研究是一项基于人群的吸烟者和从不吸烟者的病例对照研究（n=2396）。该研究在全球范围内是独一无二的，因为它是第一项专门针对 ND 进行的大规模遗传研究，收集了广泛的环境、心理社会和神经生物学表型。本文介绍了研究设计和主要人群特征，重点介绍了吸烟状况的风险预测。
