Cluster for Public Health Nutrition, Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2011 Jul;12(7):e582-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00881.x. Epub 2011 Apr 27.
A comprehensive literature search was undertaken to examine the relationship between dairy consumption and overweight/obesity in prospective cohort studies. A literature search from 1980 through to April 2010 was conducted. Nineteen cohort studies met all the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Of the 19 cohort studies, 10 were among children and adolescents (aged 2 to 14 years, n = 53 to 12,829, follow-up 8 months to 10 years) and nine among adults (aged 18 to 75 years, n = 248 to 42,696, follow-up 2 years to 12 years). A range of dairy food exposure measures were used. Eight studies (three out of 10 studies involving children and five out of nine studies involving adults) showed a protective association against increasing weight gain (measured in various ways); one reported a significant protective association only among men who were initially overweight; seven reported no effect; one reported an increased risk (among children), and two reported both a decreased and increased risk, depending on the dairy food type. The evidence from prospective cohort studies for a protective effect of dairy consumption on risk of overweight and obesity is suggestive but not consistent, making firm conclusions difficult.
进行了全面的文献检索，以检查前瞻性队列研究中乳制品消费与超重/肥胖之间的关系。文献检索时间为 1980 年至 2010 年 4 月。19 项队列研究符合所有纳入标准，并被纳入系统评价。在这 19 项队列研究中，有 10 项是针对儿童和青少年（年龄为 2 至 14 岁，n = 53 至 12,829，随访 8 个月至 10 年），9 项是针对成年人（年龄为 18 至 75 岁，n = 248 至 42,696，随访 2 年至 12 年）。使用了各种乳制品暴露测量方法。八项研究（涉及儿童的十项研究中有三项，涉及成年人的九项研究中有五项）表明与体重增加（以各种方式衡量）呈保护关联；一项报告仅在最初超重的男性中存在显著保护关联；七项报告无影响；一项报告存在风险增加（在儿童中），两项报告取决于乳制品类型，存在风险增加和风险降低两种情况。来自前瞻性队列研究的证据表明，乳制品消费对超重和肥胖风险具有保护作用，但提示性但不一致，难以得出确定的结论。
