Owolabi Rotimi S, Araoye Margaret O, Osagbemi Gordon K, Odeigah Louis, Ogundiran Adeniyi, Hussain Nurudeen A
1HIV Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja, Nigeria.
J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic). 2012 Mar-Apr;11(2):121-7. doi: 10.1177/1545109711399443. Epub 2011 Apr 26.
The research was designed to assess the stigma and discrimination faced by People living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) that are receiving treatment in UITH, Ilorin. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey conducted on three hundred (300) people living with HIV and AIDS receiving care at the antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics within University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (which was the only ART site in Kwara State as at then). A quantitative method through the use of interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data collection. This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study design. All the patients who came to the clinic and met the selection criteria were recruited until the desired sample size was reached. Data were analyzed by EPI-INFO 2005 software package. The mean age of the respondents was 39 years (SD = 9.32), and their age ranged between 19 and 65 years. About two thirds (64.7%) of the respondents were females, 62.7% were married, and 62.9% were from monogamous family settings. Slightly less than half (47.3%) of the respondents were not informed before they were tested for HIV, majority (63.3%) were not counseled before the test, but only 11% did not receive posttest counseling. One quarter of the respondents had experienced stigmatization/discrimination. Various forms of stigmatization/discrimination experienced by the respondents include blame for being responsible for their HIV status, various name callings, telling them that they are no more useful to anybody, violation of confidentiality, social isolation, restriction of their participation in family/religious activities, rejection by their spouses/families, dismissal from place of work, isolating them from other patients, and denying them care at health centers. It is therefore recommended that government at all levels should develop and implement programs to educate health care providers about HIV and AIDS, ethics, and treatment and care; educate the general population on HIV and AIDS, put in place policies that will reduce/stop HIV-related stigma and discrimination at all levels of the society, educate PLWHA on their right to live and work without discrimination, and also ensure full community participation in HIV control programs.
该研究旨在评估在伊洛林大学教学医院（UITH）接受治疗的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（PLWHA）所面临的耻辱感和歧视。该研究是一项描述性横断面调查，对象为三百（300）名在伊洛林大学教学医院抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）诊所接受护理的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（当时是夸拉州唯一的抗逆转录病毒疗法治疗点）。通过使用由访谈员管理的问卷的定量方法进行数据收集。本研究为横断面描述性研究设计。所有前来诊所且符合入选标准的患者均被招募，直至达到所需样本量。数据采用EPI-INFO 2005软件包进行分析。受访者的平均年龄为39岁（标准差=9.32），年龄范围在19至65岁之间。约三分之二（64.7%）的受访者为女性，62.7%已婚，62.9%来自一夫一妻制家庭环境。略少于一半（47.3%）的受访者在接受艾滋病毒检测前未被告知，大多数（63.3%）在检测前未接受咨询，但只有11%未接受检测后咨询。四分之一的受访者曾经历过耻辱/歧视。受访者经历的各种形式的耻辱/歧视包括被指责应对自己的艾滋病毒感染状况负责、各种辱骂、被告知对任何人都不再有用、违反保密规定、社会隔离、限制他们参与家庭/宗教活动、被配偶/家人拒绝、被工作单位解雇、将他们与其他患者隔离以及在健康中心拒绝为他们提供护理。因此，建议各级政府制定并实施相关项目，对医疗保健提供者进行艾滋病毒和艾滋病、伦理以及治疗和护理方面的教育；对普通民众进行艾滋病毒和艾滋病教育，制定政策以减少/消除社会各层面与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱和歧视，对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者进行关于其不受歧视地生活和工作权利的教育，并确保社区充分参与艾滋病毒控制项目。
