Dixit Pooja, Dixit Alok K, Varshney Jagdeesh P
J Parasit Dis. 2010 Apr;34(1):29-32. doi: 10.1007/s12639-010-0009-0. Epub 2010 Oct 8.
Babesiosis, caused by tick-borne haematozoan organisms of the genus Babesia, is a parasitic disease of domestic and wild mammals. Canine Babesidae have historically been classified as "large Babesia" (Babesia canis) and "small Babesia" (Babesia gibsoni) based on the size of their intraerythrocytic forms. Recent publications, however, suggest that the diversity of piroplasm species infecting dogs might be greater than previously appreciated. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the ssrRNA gene has revealed that canine piroplasms are found in three clades, 'true' Babesia sp. (B. canis and B. gibsoni), Theileria annae and Theileria-like group (B. conradae). This newly recognised piroplasm T. annae appears to be hyperendemic in northwest Spain. The vector for this emergent canine infection remains undescribed, although the Ixodeshexagonus is suspected based on their presence upon the dogs in NW Spain and the relative absence of others. These observations have introduced a major change in the approach to the epidemiology of babesiosis in dogs. More clinical samples and data will need to be collected and analyzed to understand the importance of Theileria species in dogs.
巴贝斯虫病由蜱传播的巴贝斯属血生动物病原体引起，是家养和野生哺乳动物的一种寄生虫病。基于红细胞内形态的大小，犬巴贝斯虫科在历史上被分类为“大巴贝斯虫”（犬巴贝斯虫）和“小巴贝斯虫”（吉氏巴贝斯虫）。然而，最近的出版物表明，感染犬类的梨形虫物种的多样性可能比以前认为的要大。对小亚基核糖体RNA（ssrRNA）基因的测序和系统发育分析表明，犬梨形虫存在于三个进化枝中，即“真正的”巴贝斯虫属（犬巴贝斯虫和吉氏巴贝斯虫）、安娜泰勒虫和类泰勒虫群（康氏巴贝斯虫）。这种新确认的梨形虫——安娜泰勒虫在西班牙西北部似乎高度流行。尽管根据其在西班牙西北部犬类身上的存在以及其他蜱类相对缺乏的情况怀疑是六角硬蜱，但这种新出现的犬类感染的传播媒介仍未明确。这些观察结果给犬类巴贝斯虫病的流行病学研究方法带来了重大变化。需要收集和分析更多的临床样本和数据，以了解泰勒虫属在犬类中的重要性。
