Messina Giuseppina, Colombo Elisa, Cassinerio Elena, Cesaretti Claudia, Marcon Alessia, Zanaboni Laura, Baldini Marina, Cappellini Maria Domenica
Hereditary Anemia Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Policlinico Foundation IRCCS, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
J Res Med Sci. 2010 Mar;15(2):100-6.
The reproductive and sexual health issues concerning persons affected by thalassemia major are complex. The study was planned to investigate the psychological attitudes and expectations in a group of thalassemic pregnant women attending hospital for regular blood transfusion.
This is a preliminary cross-sectional study involving 20 consecutive thalassemic patients and a control group of 42 healthy pregnant volunteers. The personality structure was evaluated by Rorschach's test and the presence of psychic symptoms by SCL-90-R and STAI.
Narcissism and sexual traumas are significantly higher in thalassemic women with respects to the control group. Also the percent of anxiety and depression observed with the SCL-90-R was significantly higher than in control group (45% vs. 3%, p < 0.001, mean and SD values are 1.65 ± 0.15 vs. 0.43 ± 0.18 for anxiety; 55% vs. 12%, p < 0.001, mean and SD values are 1.76 ± 0.18 vs. 0.85 ± 0.25 for depression). The score observed with the STAI shows that the trait of anxiety differed between thalassemic pregnant women and the control group, even though the score values aren't pathologic in neither group (87% vs. 42%, p < 0.05, mean and SD values are 33 ± 0.8 vs. 22 ± 0.2).
This study addresses the need for developing, implementing and evaluating proper psychological support for thalassemic pregnant patients. Moreover, psychological screening and support prior to, during and following pregnancy would be indicated.
重型地中海贫血患者的生殖与性健康问题复杂。本研究旨在调查一组定期到医院输血的地中海贫血孕妇的心理态度和期望。
这是一项初步的横断面研究，纳入了20例连续的地中海贫血患者以及42名健康孕妇志愿者作为对照组。通过罗夏测试评估人格结构，采用症状自评量表（SCL - 90 - R）和状态 - 特质焦虑问卷（STAI）评估心理症状的存在情况。
与对照组相比，地中海贫血女性的自恋和性创伤显著更高。此外，通过SCL - 90 - R观察到的焦虑和抑郁百分比也显著高于对照组（焦虑：45% 对 3%，p < 0.001，均值和标准差分别为1.65 ± 0.15对0.43 ± 0.18；抑郁：55% 对 12%，p < 0.001，均值和标准差分别为1.76 ± 0.18对0.85 ± 0.25）。STAI的得分表明，地中海贫血孕妇和对照组之间的焦虑特质存在差异，尽管两组的得分值均无病理性（87% 对 42%，p < 0.05，均值和标准差分别为33 ± 0.8对22 ± 0.2）。
本研究表明需要为地中海贫血孕妇制定、实施和评估适当的心理支持。此外，在怀孕前、期间和之后进行心理筛查和支持是必要的。
