Centre for Criminology and Criminal Justice, School of Law, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 PL UK.
Int J Law Psychiatry. 2011 May-Jun;34(3):141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2011.04.003. Epub 2011 May 6.
Many commentators have pointed to the monstrous nature of sexual violence, with its related sense of pollution and disgust. In response, post-release regulation has a 'hot' quality: in the USA, sexually violent predator statutes, residency requirements, GPS satellite monitoring, and variations on the theme of community notification all speak of the expressiveness of the response. 'Hot' signifies and has embedded within it an 'individualist' rather than 'structural' account of action, emphasises a dramaturgical reading of the social world, and privileges the political rather than the problem-solving sphere. What has been far less explored, until recently, is research and prevention policy related specifically to the sexual violence itself, or the situation in which the offense occurs. By contrast to the 'hot' response, elision from offender to situation appears to betoken a 'cold' quality. This paper analyses the conceptual and empirical underpinnings of such a 'cold' situational approach, evaluates existing studies across settings, and assesses the implications of this problem-solving process for prevention policy and practice. It concludes by embedding the analysis within a broader precautionary politics of 'hot' and 'cold' control.
许多评论家指出，性暴力具有可怕的性质，其相关的污染和厌恶感。作为回应，发布后的监管具有“热点”性质：在美国，性暴力掠夺者法规、居住要求、GPS 卫星监控以及社区通知的各种变体都说明了反应的表达性。“热点”表示并包含了一种“个人主义”而不是“结构性”的行动解释，强调对社会世界的戏剧性解读，并优先考虑政治而非解决问题的领域。直到最近，人们才很少探讨与性暴力本身或犯罪发生情况具体相关的研究和预防政策。与“热点”反应相比，从罪犯到情况的省略似乎表明了一种“冷”的性质。本文分析了这种“冷”情境方法的概念和经验基础，评估了不同环境下的现有研究，并评估了这一解决问题过程对预防政策和实践的影响。最后，本文将分析嵌入到“热点”和“冷”控制的更广泛的预防政治中。
