Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Behav Res Methods. 2012 Mar;44(1):110-23. doi: 10.3758/s13428-011-0096-6.
The measurement of executive function has a long history in clinical and experimental neuropsychology. The goal of the present report was to determine the profile of behavior across the lifespan on four computerized measures of executive function contained in the recently developed Psychology Experiment Building Language (PEBL) test battery http://pebl.sourceforge.net/ and evaluate whether this pattern is comparable to data previously obtained with the non-PEBL versions of these tests. Participants (N = 1,223; ages, 5-89 years) completed the PEBL Trail Making Test (pTMT), the Wisconsin Card Sort Test (pWCST; Berg, Journal of General Psychology, 39, 15-22, 1948; Grant & Berg, Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 404-411, 1948), the Tower of London (pToL), or a time estimation task (Time-Wall). Age-related effects were found over all four tests, especially as age increased from young childhood through adulthood. For several tests and measures (including pToL and pTMT), age-related slowing was found as age increased in adulthood. Together, these findings indicate that the PEBL tests provide valid and versatile new research tools for measuring executive functions.
执行功能的测量在临床和实验神经心理学中有着悠久的历史。本报告的目的是确定在四个计算机化的执行功能测试中，跨越整个生命周期的行为模式，这些测试包含在最近开发的心理学实验构建语言（PEBL）测试库中，并评估这种模式是否与之前使用这些测试的非 PEBL 版本获得的数据相媲美。参与者（N=1223；年龄 5-89 岁）完成了 PEBL 连线测试（pTMT）、威斯康星卡片分类测试（pWCST；Berg，《普通心理学杂志》，39，15-22，1948；Grant 和 Berg，《实验心理学杂志》，38，404-411，1948）、伦敦塔测试（pToL）或时间估计任务（Time-Wall）。在所有四个测试中都发现了与年龄相关的影响，尤其是从儿童期到成年期，年龄增长时。对于几个测试和测量（包括 pToL 和 pTMT），随着成年期年龄的增长，发现与年龄相关的速度变慢。这些发现表明，PEBL 测试为测量执行功能提供了有效和多功能的新研究工具。
