González-Vélez A E, Díaz-Agero-Pérez C, Robustillo-Rodela A, Cornejo-Gutiérrez A M, Pita-López M J, Oliva-Iñiguez L, Monge-Jodra V
Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España.
Med Intensiva. 2011 Nov;35(8):463-9. doi: 10.1016/j.medin.2011.03.007. Epub 2011 May 4.
The present study explores the possible factors related to severe cases of pandemic flu.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients hospitalized with Influenza A/H1N1 2009 during the pandemic period.
Ramon y Cajal University Hospital (Madrid, Spain).
All hospitalized patients with positive RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction) for Influenza A/H1N1 2009 virus.
The main variables collected were: history of risk factors for severe Influenza, history of immunization, clinical presentation, laboratory tests, chest X-ray report, administration of antiviral treatment, and hospital stay.
The median age of the 100 cases was 38 years (range 4 months to 80 years). Seventy-seven percent of the patients had at least one risk factor. Asthma was the most common factor among patients younger than 18 years, versus smoking in the older subjects. Antiviral therapy was initiated a median time of three days (range 0 to 18 days) after the onset of illness. Nineteen percent of the patients were admitted to Intensive Care, and 2% died. Metabolic disease and abnormal chest X-ray findings were factors associated to admission to the ICU.
As in other studies, abnormal chest X-ray findings upon admission and metabolic disease were related to poor outcomes of 2009 pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) infection in our patients.
本研究探讨与甲型H1N1流感重症病例相关的可能因素。
对大流行期间因2009年甲型H1N1流感住院的患者进行回顾性队列研究。
拉蒙·伊·卡哈尔大学医院（西班牙马德里）。
所有RT-PCR（实时聚合酶链反应）检测2009年甲型H1N1流感病毒呈阳性的住院患者。
收集的主要变量包括：重症流感危险因素史、免疫接种史、临床表现、实验室检查、胸部X光报告、抗病毒治疗用药情况及住院时间。
100例患者的中位年龄为38岁（范围4个月至80岁）。77%的患者至少有一项危险因素。哮喘是18岁以下患者中最常见的因素，而在老年患者中吸烟是最常见因素。抗病毒治疗在发病后中位时间三天（范围0至18天）开始。19%的患者入住重症监护病房，2%的患者死亡。代谢性疾病和胸部X光检查异常结果是与入住重症监护病房相关的因素。
与其他研究一样，入院时胸部X光检查异常结果和代谢性疾病与我们的患者2009年甲型H1N1流感感染的不良结局相关。
