Snow R E, Williams K R
Department of Physical Education University of California, Davis.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 May;75(5):568-76.
This study investigated changes in center of mass position, forefoot loading, lumbar curvature, and pelvic tilt during standing and ground reaction forces, rearfoot motion, sagittal lower extremity kinematics, and shoulder and pelvic rotations of women walking at 1.4 m.s-1 in different heights of high heeled shoes. Three different heel heights (1.91, 3.81, 7.62cm) were worn by each of 11 women. Vertical forces applied to the forefoot during standing increased with increased heel height. No significant differences in average lumbar curvature or pelvic tilt among shoe heights were found. Significant increases in vertical and anteroposterior forces during walking were found with increased heel height, and foot abduction angle during support showed significant less abduction with higher heels. With an increase in heel height the minimum vertical force (at midstance) and the maximum vertical force during the second half of support both occurred later in the support phase, whereas the maximum and minimum anteroposterior forces occurred earlier in support. Rearfoot angle measures obtained from high-speed video analysis showed a significantly greater angle of supination at footstrike and a smaller angle of maximum pronation in the high compared with the low heeled shoes. Ankle angles throughout the gait cycle showed a significant increase in plantarflexion with increased heel height. Maximum knee angle during swing and knee extension velocity decreased with increased heel height. Other sagittal plane kinematic measures and measures to hip and shoulder rotation derived from three-dimensional (3-D) cine data showed few consistent effects of heel height.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究调查了女性在穿着不同高度高跟鞋以1.4米/秒的速度行走时,站立和地面反作用力过程中质心位置、前足负荷、腰椎曲度和骨盆倾斜的变化,以及后足运动、矢状面下肢运动学、肩部和骨盆旋转情况。11名女性每人穿着三种不同的鞋跟高度(1.91、3.81、7.62厘米)。站立时施加在前足上的垂直力随着鞋跟高度增加而增大。未发现不同鞋跟高度之间平均腰椎曲度或骨盆倾斜有显著差异。随着鞋跟高度增加,行走时垂直力和前后力显著增大,支撑期足部外展角度在高跟鞋时显著减小。随着鞋跟高度增加,最小垂直力(在支撑中期)和支撑后半期的最大垂直力都出现在支撑期更晚的时候,而最大和最小前后力出现在支撑期更早的时候。从高速视频分析获得的后足角度测量结果显示,与低跟鞋相比,高跟鞋着地时旋后角度显著更大,最大内旋角度更小。整个步态周期的踝关节角度随着鞋跟高度增加而显著增加跖屈。摆动期最大膝关节角度和膝关节伸展速度随着鞋跟高度增加而减小。从三维电影数据得出的其他矢状面运动学测量以及髋部和肩部旋转测量结果显示,鞋跟高度几乎没有一致的影响。(摘要截选至250字)