Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Clin Oral Investig. 2012 Jun;16(3):843-50. doi: 10.1007/s00784-011-0561-8. Epub 2011 May 3.
The long-term success of osseointegrated oral implants is endangered by inflammation of peri-implant hard and soft tissues caused by bacterial biofilms that may have been initiated by bacterial transmission from the adjacent dentition. The present study aimed to compare the bacterial communities at inflamed implant and tooth sites by broad-range PCR techniques to evaluate the etiological processes of peri-implant and periodontal diseases and potential future therapeutic strategies. Eighteen samples of peri-implant and periodontal microflora were collected from nine partially edentulous patients with implant-retained crowns or bridges revealing clinical signs of gingivitis or mucositis. The clinical parameters plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing were recorded. Amplified fragments of bacterial 16S rRNA genes were separated by use of single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, and sequences were determined to identify the predominant bacterial genera. The clinical parameters PI and PD were significantly different at implants (PI = 0.4 ± 0.7, PD = 3.1 ± 0.6 mm) compared with teeth (PI = 1.8 ± 0.8, PD = 2.5 ± 0.2 mm). A total of 20 different genera were found at the inflamed tooth and implant sites. The microbial diversity of the microflora surrounding the remaining dentition (12.0 ± 3.8) was significantly higher (p = 0.01) than the diversity of the peri-implant microflora at implant-retained crowns or bridges (6.3 ± 2.3). Within the limitations of the present study, the microbial diversity of the investigated implants and teeth with clinical signs of mucositis or gingivitis exhibits substantial differences, demonstrating that transmission of the complete bacterial microflora from teeth to implants could be excluded. Furthermore, broad-range molecular biological detection methods specify bacterial genera and species in the peri-implant and periodontal microflora which were not in the focus of research interests so far.
种植体周围软硬组织的炎症会破坏骨整合种植体的长期稳定性，这种炎症是由细菌生物膜引起的，而细菌生物膜可能是由相邻牙齿传播的细菌引发的。本研究旨在通过广谱聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术比较种植体和牙齿炎症部位的细菌群落，以评估种植体周围和牙周疾病的病因过程，并为潜在的未来治疗策略提供依据。本研究从 9 名戴有种植体支持的冠桥修复体的部分缺牙患者中采集了 18 个种植体周围和牙周微生物样本，这些患者的修复体周围或口腔黏膜有牙龈炎或黏膜炎的临床征象。记录了菌斑指数（PI）、探诊深度（PD）和探诊出血（BOP）等临床参数。采用单链构象多态性（SSCP）分析技术对细菌 16S rRNA 基因的扩增片段进行分离，并对序列进行测定以鉴定主要的细菌属。与牙齿（PI = 1.8 ± 0.8，PD = 2.5 ± 0.2 mm）相比，种植体的 PI（PI = 0.4 ± 0.7，PD = 3.1 ± 0.6 mm）和 PD 差异有统计学意义。在炎症性的牙齿和种植体部位共发现了 20 个不同的菌属。剩余天然牙周围微生物群的微生物多样性（12.0 ± 3.8）明显高于种植体周围的微生物多样性（6.3 ± 2.3）（p = 0.01）。在本研究的限制范围内，患有黏膜炎或牙龈炎临床征象的种植体和牙齿的微生物多样性存在显著差异，这表明牙齿到种植体的完整细菌菌群的传播可以被排除。此外，广谱分子生物学检测方法可以确定种植体周围和牙周微生物群中的细菌属和种，这是迄今为止研究关注的重点。
