Psychology Department, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2011 Spring;44(1):41-9. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2011.44-41.
This study evaluated a device that applied a sustained increase in accelerator pedal back force whenever drivers exceeded a preset speed criterion without buckling their seat belts. This force was removed once the belt was fastened. Participants were 6 commercial drivers who operated carpet-cleaning vans. During baseline, no contingency was in place for unbuckled trips. The pedal resistance was introduced via a multiple baseline design across groups. On the first day of treatment, the device was explained and demonstrated for all drivers of the vehicle. The treatment was associated with an immediate sustained increase in seat belt compliance to 100%. Occasionally, drivers initially did not buckle during a trip and encountered the force. In all instances, they buckled within less than 25 s. These results suggest that the increased force was sufficient to set up an establishing operation to reinforce seat belt buckling negatively. Drivers indicated that they were impressed with the device and would not drive very long unbelted with the pedal force in place.
本研究评估了一种装置，当驾驶员超过预设速度标准而未系安全带时，该装置会持续增加加速器踏板回弹力。一旦系好安全带，就会移除此力。参与者是 6 名驾驶地毯清洁车的商业驾驶员。在基线期间，对于未系安全带的行程没有应急措施。通过跨组的多个基线设计引入了踏板阻力。在治疗的第一天，向车辆的所有驾驶员解释并演示了该设备。该治疗方法立即将安全带的佩戴率提高到 100%并保持不变。偶尔，驾驶员在行程中最初未系安全带并遇到了这种力。在所有情况下，他们都在不到 25 秒内系好了安全带。这些结果表明，增加的力足以建立一个负强化安全带扣紧的操作性条件反射。驾驶员表示，他们对该设备印象深刻，并且在有踏板力的情况下，他们不会长时间不系安全带就开车。
