National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China.
Integr Biol (Camb). 2011 Jun;3(6):632-44. doi: 10.1039/c0ib00157k. Epub 2011 May 4.
Biomembrane lipid composition and lateral heterogeneity vary significantly both spatially and temporally and have been shown to be associated with cell functions. Lipid raft-based membrane heterogeneity might be involved with cell physiological and pathological processes. Therefore, there is a great need to investigate the roles of lipid composition and lateral heterogeneity in membrane-related physiological and pathological processes. Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) of increasing complexity are excellent membrane model systems to investigate the effects of lipid composition and phase on the membrane interactions of biomolecules. In situ AFM is a powerful tool to examine the dynamic interactions between SLBs and biomolecules on a nanoscale. Therefore, the in situ AFM measurements between SLBs of increasing complexity and biomolecules are excellent ways to investigate the effects of lipid composition and phase on the membrane-related processes. In this review, the following basic knowledge is first discussed: biomembrane lipid composition, lipid raft, lipid phase separation, SLBs, and AFM. Then the biological applications of in situ AFM to visualize the interactions between SLBs of increasing complexity and biomolecules are discussed.
生物膜的脂质组成和侧向异质性在空间和时间上都有很大的变化，并已被证明与细胞功能有关。基于脂筏的膜异质性可能与细胞的生理和病理过程有关。因此，非常有必要研究脂质组成和侧向异质性在与膜相关的生理和病理过程中的作用。越来越复杂的支持脂双层 (SLB) 是研究脂质组成和相态对生物分子膜相互作用影响的优秀膜模型系统。原位原子力显微镜 (in situ AFM) 是研究 SLB 与生物分子在纳米尺度上动态相互作用的有力工具。因此，在原位 AFM 测量中，越来越复杂的 SLB 与生物分子之间的相互作用是研究脂质组成和相态对膜相关过程影响的极好方法。在这篇综述中，首先讨论了以下基础知识：生物膜脂质组成、脂筏、脂质相分离、SLB 和 AFM。然后讨论了原位 AFM 在可视化越来越复杂的 SLB 与生物分子之间相互作用的生物学应用。
