Kiliç Cengiz, Kiliç Emine Zinnur, Aydin Ismail Orhan
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 2011 May;199(5):335-41. doi: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3182174ffa.
Earthquakes may increase the risk for psychopathology in children because the disaster may disrupt family functioning through causing psychopathology in the parents or disrupting social network through migration, school changes, or socioeconomic status changes caused by the job losses of the parents. This study aimed to investigate the effects of parental psychopathology on the traumatic stress and depression of earthquake survivor-children 4 years after the earthquake. A convenience sample of 104 earthquake survivor-children (43 boys, 61 girls) and their parents were assessed at their homes for earthquake experience and traumatic stress symptoms. The outcome variables were the factor scores of a child/adolescent traumatic stress questionnaire (Traumatic Stress Symptom Checklist for Children and Adolescents). The predictors of child's factor scores were examined using linear regression analyses. The traumatic stress factor score of the children was predicted two variables: the child's reported fear during the earthquake and the father's traumatic stress factor score. The depression factor score, on the other hand, was predicted using the depression factor score of the mother only. Demographic variables or relocation status were not predictive for either of children's factor scores. The results of the present study show that maternal and paternal psychopathologies have differential effects on the psychological status of earthquake survivor-children. Traumatic stress in the child is predicted using the traumatic stress of father, whereas depression in the child is predicted by mother's depression levels. Social network disruption does not seem to have a negative effect on children once parental psychopathology is taken into account.
地震可能会增加儿童出现精神病理学问题的风险，因为这场灾难可能会通过导致父母出现精神病理学问题而扰乱家庭功能，或者通过因父母失业导致的迁移、学校变动或社会经济地位变化而破坏社交网络。本研究旨在调查地震发生4年后，父母的精神病理学问题对地震幸存儿童创伤应激和抑郁的影响。对104名地震幸存儿童（43名男孩，61名女孩）及其父母进行了一项便利抽样调查，在他们家中评估了地震经历和创伤应激症状。结果变量是儿童/青少年创伤应激问卷（儿童和青少年创伤应激症状清单）的因子得分。使用线性回归分析检查儿童因子得分的预测因素。儿童的创伤应激因子得分由两个变量预测：儿童报告的地震期间的恐惧以及父亲的创伤应激因子得分。另一方面，抑郁因子得分仅由母亲的抑郁因子得分预测。人口统计学变量或搬迁状况对儿童的任何一个因子得分均无预测作用。本研究结果表明，母亲和父亲的精神病理学问题对地震幸存儿童的心理状况有不同影响。儿童的创伤应激可通过父亲的创伤应激来预测，而儿童的抑郁则由母亲的抑郁水平来预测。一旦考虑到父母的精神病理学问题，社交网络的破坏似乎对儿童没有负面影响。
