Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, MacKinnon Building, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 Jul;43(4):1341-7. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2011.02.006. Epub 2011 Mar 15.
The aims of this study were to determine if children 7-12 years show risk compensation when engaging in ecologically valid recreational sports tasks, and to explore how experience with the activity and extent of sensation seeking influence this. Children were positioned up on a platform, on a bike or wearing rollerblades, and they were presented varying heights and inclines from which they selected the greatest one they go down when wearing and not wearing safety gear appropriate to the activity; when making their ratings they anticipated actually doing the task. Results revealed that children engaged in significantly more risk taking when wearing safety gear, thereby demonstrating risk compensation, and this was significantly greater for the activity with which they had greater experience. However, children high in sensation seeking demonstrated significantly more risk compensation in both the high and low experience activities, although the injury risk appraisals that predicted risk compensation varied with experience level. Implications for the design of injury prevention programs and directions for future research are discussed.
本研究旨在确定 7-12 岁儿童在进行生态有效娱乐运动任务时是否存在风险补偿，并探讨活动经验和感觉寻求程度如何影响这种情况。研究中，孩子们站在一个平台上，骑自行车或穿轮滑鞋，然后他们被呈现出不同的高度和坡度，让他们选择最大的坡度，同时穿着和不穿着适合活动的安全装备；在进行评级时，他们预期自己会完成任务。结果表明，孩子们在穿着安全装备时会更冒险，从而表现出风险补偿，而且这种情况在他们有更多经验的活动中更为明显。然而，高感觉寻求的孩子在高经验和低经验的活动中都表现出了明显更多的风险补偿，尽管预测风险补偿的伤害风险评估因经验水平而异。讨论了这些结果对伤害预防计划设计的影响以及未来研究的方向。
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