Russell Kelly, Arthur Stephanie, Goulet Claude, Selci Erin, Morrongiello Barbara
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Science, CE-208 Children's Hospital, 840 Sherbrook Street, Health Sciences Center, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3A 1S1, Canada.
Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, John Buhler Research Centre, 513-715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R3E 3P4, Canada.
BMC Pediatr. 2020 Aug 19;20(1):389. doi: 10.1186/s12887-020-02292-6.
Skiing and snowboarding are popular activities among Canadian youth and these sports have evolved to include certain risk behaviours such as listening to music, using terrain parks, and video recording yourself or others. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of these risk behaviours and identify factors that are associated with the risk behaviours.
Using focus group methodology, a questionnaire was developed to capture aspects of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. A cross-sectional study was conducted where the questionnaire was administered to youth aged 13-18 during two winter seasons at two ski hills in Manitoba, Canada.
The sample was comprised of 735 youth (mean age 14.9; 82.1% male, 83.6% snowboarding). The most common behavior was using the TP (83.1%), followed by listening to music that day (36.9%), and video recording that day (34.5%). Youth had significantly higher odds of listening to music that day if they planned to next time (OR 19.13; 95% CI: 10.62, 34.44), were skiing or snowboarding alone (OR 2.33; 95% CI: 1.10, 4.95), or thought listening to music makes skiing or snowboarding more exciting or fun or makes them feel more confident (OR 2.30; 95% CI: 1.31, 4.05). They were less likely to if they believed that music made it more difficult to hear or talk to others (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.18, 0.65). Youth had significantly higher odds of using the terrain park if they believed that terrain parks were cool, challenging, or fun (OR: 5.84; 95% CI: 2.85, 11.96) or if their siblings used terrain parks (OR: 4.94; OR: 2.84, 9.85). Those who believed that terrain parks were too busy or crowded (OR: 0.31; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.62) were less likely to use them. Youth had significantly higher odds of video recording that day if they reported that they plan to video record next time (OR: 8.09, 95% CI: 4.67, 14.01) or if they were skiing or snowboarding with friends (OR: 3.65, 95% CI: 1.45, 9.18). Youth had significantly higher odds of video recording that day if they agreed that recording makes them try harder and improved their tricks (OR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.38, 8.08) compared to those who neither agreed nor disagreed. Youth were less likely to record themselves that day if their friends did not do so (OR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.80).
Common predictors of engaging in risk behaviours suggest that injury prevention programs may not have to be specific to each behaviour. Some strategies for injury prevention are suggested.
滑雪和单板滑雪在加拿大青少年中是受欢迎的活动，并且这些运动已经发展到包括某些危险行为，如听音乐、使用地形公园以及拍摄自己或他人。本研究的目的是确定这些危险行为的发生率，并识别与这些危险行为相关的因素。
采用焦点小组方法，编制了一份问卷以获取计划行为理论的各个方面。开展了一项横断面研究，在加拿大曼尼托巴省的两个滑雪场，于两个冬季向13 - 18岁的青少年发放该问卷。
样本包括735名青少年（平均年龄14.9岁；82.1%为男性，83.6%从事单板滑雪）。最常见的行为是使用地形公园（83.1%），其次是当天听音乐（36.9%）以及当天拍摄视频（34.5%）。如果青少年计划下次听音乐（比值比19.13；95%置信区间：10.62, 34.44）、独自滑雪或单板滑雪（比值比2.33；95%置信区间：1.10, 4.95），或者认为听音乐会使滑雪或单板滑雪更刺激或有趣，或者让他们感觉更自信（比值比2.30；95%置信区间：1.31, 4.05），那么他们当天听音乐的几率显著更高。如果他们认为音乐会使听到他人声音或与他人交谈变得更困难（比值比：0.35；95%置信区间：0.18, 0.65），则几率较低。如果青少年认为地形公园很酷、具有挑战性或有趣（比值比：5.84；95%置信区间：2.85, 11.96），或者他们的兄弟姐妹使用地形公园（比值比：4.94；比值比：2.84, 9.85），那么他们使用地形公园的几率显著更高。那些认为地形公园过于繁忙或拥挤的人（比值比：0.31；9:5%置信区间：0.16, 0.62）使用地形公园的可能性较小。如果青少年报告他们计划下次拍摄视频（比值比：8.09, 95%置信区间：4.67, 14.01），或者与朋友一起滑雪或单板滑雪（比值比：3.65, 95%置信区间：1.45, 9.18），那么他们当天拍摄视频的几率显著更高。与既不同意也不反对的青少年相比，如果青少年同意拍摄视频会促使他们更努力并提高技巧（比值比：3.34, 95%置信区间：1.38, 8.08），那么他们当天拍摄视频的几率显著更高。如果他们的朋友不拍摄视频，那么青少年当天拍摄自己的可能性较小（比值比：0.36；95%置信区间：0.16, 0.80）。
参与危险行为的常见预测因素表明，伤害预防计划可能不必针对每种行为制定。文中提出了一些伤害预防策略。
