风险补偿：男性现象？一项促进自行车骑手戴头盔的对照干预试验结果。
Risk compensation: a male phenomenon? Results from a controlled intervention trial promoting helmet use among cyclists.
机构信息
INSERM, Research Center U-897, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Biostatistique, Injury Prevention and Control research team (Prévention et Prise en Charge des Traumatistmes), Bordeaux, France.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2012 May;102 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):S204-6. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300711.
Abstract
Prevention tools are challenged by risky behaviors that follow their adoption. Speed increase following helmet use adoption was analyzed among bicyclists enrolled in a controlled intervention trial. Speed and helmet use were assessed by video (2621 recordings, 587 participants). Speeds were similar among helmeted and nonhelmeted female cyclists (16.5 km/h and 16.1 km/h, respectively) but not among male cyclists (helmeted: 19.2 km/h, nonhelmeted: 16.8 km/h). Risk compensation, observed only among male cyclists, was moderate, thus unlikely to offset helmet preventive efficacy.
摘要
预防工具受到风险行为的挑战，这些行为会在其被采用后出现。本研究分析了在一项对照干预试验中，头盔使用后自行车骑行者的速度增加情况。通过视频（2621 段录像，587 名参与者）评估速度和头盔使用情况。戴头盔和不戴头盔的女性自行车骑行者的速度相似（分别为 16.5 公里/小时和 16.1 公里/小时），但男性自行车骑行者的速度则不同（戴头盔：19.2 公里/小时，不戴头盔：16.8 公里/小时）。仅在男性自行车骑行者中观察到的风险补偿是适度的，不太可能抵消头盔的预防效果。
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