Division of Ambulatory Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2011 Jul-Aug;32(6):447-53. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e31821bd20b.
The purpose of this study was to examine the associations among parental knowledge and beliefs about healthy sleep, sleep practices, and insufficient sleep in a pediatric primary care clinic sample.
A convenience sample of caregivers of patients between 3 months and 12 years attending a hospital-based pediatric primary care clinic in an academic center completed a brief survey on (1) child sleep habits, (2) basic sleep knowledge, and (3) beliefs and attitudes regarding sleep as a health behavior.
Of the 184 analyzable surveys (response rate 72%; mean age of index child 4.0 ± 3.2 years), 42% of children did not have a consistent bedtime, 43% had a bedtime later than 9 pm, 76% had a television in the bedroom, 69% frequently fell asleep with an adult present, and 18% had daily caffeine intake. Although 76% of parents underestimated their child's sleep needs compared to recommended amounts, just 8% reported that their child was not getting adequate sleep. More than half of parents believed that inadequate sleep increases the risk of being underweight and endorsed snoring as a sign of healthy sleep. An increased level of sleep knowledge was associated with a number of positive sleep practices and inversely correlated with sleep duration.
The results of this study document the need for increased targeted caregiver education regarding healthy sleep practices, the importance of adequate sleep, the impact of insufficient sleep on health, and recognition of potential signs of sleep problems in young children, especially in high-risk populations.
本研究旨在探讨儿科初级保健诊所样本中父母对健康睡眠的知识和信念、睡眠习惯以及睡眠不足之间的关联。
在一所学术中心的医院儿科初级保健诊所，采用便利抽样法，对患者（年龄 3 个月至 12 岁）的照护者进行了一项简短的调查，内容包括（1）儿童睡眠习惯，（2）基本睡眠知识，以及（3）关于睡眠作为健康行为的信念和态度。
在 184 份可分析的调查中（应答率 72%；指数儿童的平均年龄为 4.0±3.2 岁），42%的儿童没有固定的就寝时间，43%的儿童就寝时间晚于 9 点，76%的儿童卧室里有电视，69%的儿童经常在成人陪伴下入睡，18%的儿童每天摄入咖啡因。尽管 76%的父母低估了孩子的睡眠需求与推荐量相比，但只有 8%的父母报告孩子睡眠不足。超过一半的父母认为睡眠不足会增加体重不足的风险，并认为打鼾是健康睡眠的标志。睡眠知识水平越高，与积极的睡眠习惯相关，与睡眠时间呈反比。
本研究结果表明，需要对照护者进行更多有针对性的健康睡眠习惯教育，提高对充足睡眠重要性的认识，以及认识到睡眠不足对健康的影响，并识别幼儿潜在的睡眠问题迹象，尤其是在高风险人群中。
