Hassel H, Dreas J
Hochschule Coburg, Integrative Gesundheitsförderung, Coburg, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2011 May;54(5):555-61. doi: 10.1007/s00103-011-1270-9.
Group and individual counseling sessions play a key role in adolescent obesity treatment. The requirements of these training sessions are defined in national guidelines, e.g., the German "Adipositas-Konsensuspapier" (Obesity Consensus Paper). Literature research between 2005 and 2010 showed that the long-term effects of these sessions were low, based on five reviews considering obesity treatment and six reviews dealing with motivational interviewing (MI). The reviews underline high attrition and dropout rates associated with decreasing compliance. Individual requirements for resilient motivation and relapse prevention are described with the help of the transtheoretical model of behavioral change and the self-control model. By integrating MI into group and individual counseling sessions, behavioral change can be encouraged over the long term. The stages of change can be ascertained and coping strategies of three different risk situations can be established. MI seems to be helpful especially at the beginning and end of treatment, during the state of maintenance.
团体和个体咨询会议在青少年肥胖治疗中发挥着关键作用。这些培训会议的要求在国家指南中有所规定，例如德国的《肥胖症共识文件》。2005年至2010年的文献研究表明，基于五项关于肥胖治疗的综述和六项关于动机性访谈（MI）的综述，这些会议的长期效果较低。这些综述强调了与依从性下降相关的高损耗率和辍学率。借助行为改变的跨理论模型和自我控制模型描述了对恢复力动机和预防复发的个体要求。通过将动机性访谈纳入团体和个体咨询会议，可以长期鼓励行为改变。可以确定改变的阶段，并建立三种不同风险情况的应对策略。动机性访谈似乎在治疗开始和结束时、维持状态期间特别有帮助。
