Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, 953 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
J Food Prot. 2011 May;74(5):727-34. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-542.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vaccination of breeder chickens on Salmonella prevalences and loads in breeder and broiler chicken flocks. Chickens housed on six commercial breeder farms were vaccinated with a killed Salmonella vaccine containing Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Salmonella Kentucky. Unvaccinated breeders placed on six additional farms served as controls. Eggs from vaccinated and unvaccinated breeder flocks were kept separately in the hatchery, and the resulting chicks were used to populate 58 commercial broiler flock houses by using a pair-matched design. Vaccinated breeder flocks had significantly higher Salmonella-specific antibody titers than did the unvaccinated breeder flocks, although they did not differ significantly with respect to environmental Salmonella prevalences or loads. Broiler flocks that were the progeny of vaccinated breeders had significantly lower Salmonella prevalences and loads than broiler flocks that were the progeny of unvaccinated breeders. After adjusting for sample type and clustering at the farm level, the odds of detecting Salmonella in samples collected from broiler flocks originating from vaccinated breeders were 62% lower (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 0.38 [0.21, 0.68]) than in flocks from unvaccinated breeders. In addition, the mean load of culture-positive samples was lower in broilers from vaccinated breeders by 0.30 log most probable number per sample (95% confidence interval of -0.51, -0.09; P = 0.004), corresponding to a 50% decrease in Salmonella loads. In summary, vaccination of broiler breeder pullets increased humoral immunity in the breeders and reduced Salmonella prevalences and loads in their broiler progeny, but did not significantly decrease Salmonella in the breeder farm environment.
本研究旨在评估种鸡接种疫苗对种鸡和肉鸡鸡群中沙门氏菌流行率和负荷的影响。将六家养禽养殖场的鸡用含有肠炎沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌和肯塔基沙门氏菌的灭活沙门氏菌疫苗进行接种。另外六家养禽养殖场的未接种种鸡作为对照。将接种和未接种种鸡群的鸡蛋分别存放在孵化场，然后使用配对设计将孵出的小鸡用于 58 个商业肉鸡鸡舍。接种种鸡的沙门氏菌特异性抗体滴度明显高于未接种种鸡，但在环境沙门氏菌流行率或负荷方面无明显差异。接种种鸡的后代肉鸡鸡群的沙门氏菌流行率和负荷明显低于未接种种鸡的后代肉鸡鸡群。在调整了样本类型和农场水平的聚类后，从接种种鸡后代收集的样本中检测到沙门氏菌的可能性比从未接种种鸡后代收集的样本低 62%（比值比[95%置信区间]为 0.38 [0.21, 0.68]）。此外，接种种鸡后代肉鸡的阳性培养样本的平均负荷每样本降低 0.30 对数最可能数（95%置信区间为-0.51，-0.09；P = 0.004），相当于沙门氏菌负荷降低了 50%。总之，给肉鸡种母鸡接种疫苗可提高种鸡的体液免疫，并降低其肉鸡后代的沙门氏菌流行率和负荷，但对种鸡场环境中的沙门氏菌无明显降低作用。
