Cevre Industrial Analysis Laboratory, Merkez Mahallesi, Ceylan Sokak, No. 24, Mart Plaza, Kat 2, Kagıthane, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Food Prot. 2011 May;74(5):840-3. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-475.
Investigation of norovirus (NoV) contamination of food items is important because many outbreaks occur after consumption of contaminated shellfish, vegetables, fruits, and water. The frequency of NoV contamination in food items has not previously been investigated in Turkey. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of human NoV genogroups (G) I and II in ready-to-eat tomatoes, parsley, green onion, lettuce, mixed salads, and cracked wheat balls. RNA was extracted with the RNeasy Mini Kit, and a real-time reverse transcription (RT) PCR assay was performed using primers specific for NoV GI and GII. Among the 525 samples analyzed, NoV GII was detected in 1 green onion sample and 1 tomato sample by both SYBR Green and TaqMan real-time RT-PCR assays; no GI virus was detected. The Enterobactericaeae and Escherichia coli levels in the NoV-positive green onion were 6.56 and 1.28 log CFU/g, and those in the tomato were 5.55 and 1.30 log CFU/g, respectively. No significant difference in the bacterial levels was found between the NoV-positive and NoV-negative samples. This study is the first in which NoV GII was found in ready-to-eat food collected from Istanbul, Turkey; thus, these foods may be considered a risk to human health. Epidemiological studies and measures to prevent NoV infection should be considered.
对食品中诺如病毒（NoV）污染的调查非常重要，因为许多暴发事件都是在食用受污染的贝类、蔬菜、水果和水之后发生的。在土耳其，之前尚未对食品中 NoV 的污染频率进行过调查。本研究的目的是调查人诺如病毒基因 G 型 I 和 II 在即食番茄、欧芹、大葱、生菜、混合沙拉和麦粒中的污染频率。用 RNeasy Mini 试剂盒提取 RNA，采用针对 NoV GI 和 GII 的引物进行实时 RT-PCR 检测。在分析的 525 个样本中，1 个大葱样本和 1 个番茄样本通过 SYBR Green 和 TaqMan 实时 RT-PCR 检测均检测到 NoV GII；未检测到 GI 病毒。NoV 阳性大葱中的肠杆菌科和大肠杆菌水平分别为 6.56 和 1.28 log CFU/g，番茄中的水平分别为 5.55 和 1.30 log CFU/g。NoV 阳性和 NoV 阴性样本之间的细菌水平无显著差异。本研究首次在从土耳其伊斯坦布尔采集的即食食品中发现了 NoV GII；因此，这些食品可能被认为对人类健康构成威胁。应考虑开展流行病学研究和采取预防 NoV 感染的措施。
