Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik & Poliklinik II, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
Int J Med Microbiol. 2011 Jun;301(5):445-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2011.04.013. Epub 2011 May 8.
Invasive aspergillosis mostly caused by the opportunistic mould Aspergillus fumigatus is characterized by high morbidity and mortality in risk group patients. Several ethno-pathological factors promote the development and the course of this fungal infection like neutropenia, T-cell depletion, CD34-selected stem cell products, corticosteroid therapy, or cytomegalovirus infections. Furthermore, a growing number of defined single nucleotide polymorphisms affiliated to genes affecting the innate immune response has been described which genetically determine susceptibility to A. fumigatus. Thereby, it concerns a broad band ranging from genes encoding for cytokines or chemokines, their respective receptors to those of toll-like receptors including further genes involved in recognition and defence of pathogens by the innate immune system. Here, we summarize in detail the current knowledge about genetic markers correlated with invasive aspergillosis and their relevance for the developing and outcome of infections with A. fumigatus.
侵袭性曲霉病主要由机会性霉菌烟曲霉引起，其特征是高危人群患者的发病率和死亡率高。一些民族病理学因素促进了这种真菌感染的发展和进程，如中性粒细胞减少症、T 细胞耗竭、CD34 选择的干细胞产品、皮质类固醇治疗或巨细胞病毒感染。此外，越来越多的与影响固有免疫反应的基因相关的特定单核苷酸多态性已被描述，这些多态性从基因上决定了对烟曲霉的易感性。因此，它涉及到一个广泛的范围，包括编码细胞因子或趋化因子及其各自受体的基因，到 Toll 样受体的基因，包括参与固有免疫系统识别和防御病原体的进一步基因。在这里，我们详细总结了与侵袭性曲霉病相关的遗传标记及其与烟曲霉感染的发生和结果的相关性的最新知识。
