Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2011 Jul;20(7):1358-67. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0071. Epub 2011 May 6.
Except for skin melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer, little evidence from prospective studies is available on the association between UV exposure and cancer risk.
We followed prospectively 49,261 women aged 30 to 49 years at enrollment in 1991 to 1992 for 15 years. Cancer incidence was analyzed by fitting Cox models, and estimating hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
2,303 incident cases of cancer were diagnosed (breast: 1,053, ovary: 126, lung: 116, colon-rectum: 133, and brain: 116). No associations were found between any cumulative measure of UV exposure at ages 10 to 39 years and overall cancer risk. However, spending ≥1 week/year between ages 10 and 29 years on sunbathing vacations led to an inverse association with overall cancer risk (HR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.93) and breast cancer risk (HR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.36-0.89) when compared with women who never went on such vacations. Solarium use was inversely associated with breast cancer risk, whereas ≥2 sunburns/year was inversely associated with lung cancer risk. No other associations were found between sun exposure or solarium use at ages 10 to 39 years and cancer risk.
We found no evidence of an association between any cumulative measure of UV exposure at ages 10 to 39 years and overall cancer risk. UV exposure earlier in life was related to reduced overall and breast cancer risk.
Further research is needed to define the amount of solar or artificial UV exposure that may, or may not, be beneficial for cancer prevention.
除了皮肤黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌外，很少有前瞻性研究证据表明紫外线暴露与癌症风险之间存在关联。
我们在 1991 年至 1992 年期间对 49261 名年龄在 30 至 49 岁的女性进行了前瞻性随访，随访时间为 15 年。通过拟合 Cox 模型分析癌症发病率，并估计危险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
诊断出 2303 例癌症病例（乳腺癌：1053 例，卵巢癌：126 例，肺癌：116 例，结肠癌-直肠癌：133 例，脑癌：116 例）。在 10 至 39 岁时任何累积的紫外线暴露量与总体癌症风险之间均未发现关联。然而，在 10 至 29 岁之间每年花≥1 周时间进行日光浴度假与总体癌症风险（HR：0.70，95%CI：0.53-0.93）和乳腺癌风险（HR：0.56，95%CI：0.36-0.89）呈负相关，而从未进行过此类度假的女性则与之相反。使用日光浴床与乳腺癌风险呈负相关，而每年≥2 次晒伤与肺癌风险呈负相关。在 10 至 39 岁时，阳光暴露或日光浴床使用与癌症风险之间未发现其他关联。
我们没有发现 10 至 39 岁时任何累积的紫外线暴露量与总体癌症风险之间存在关联的证据。生命早期的紫外线暴露与降低总体和乳腺癌风险有关。
需要进一步研究以确定可能对癌症预防有益或无益的太阳或人工紫外线暴露量。
