Maslov Kirill, Kharlamov Nikita
Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2011 Jun;45(2):194-200. doi: 10.1007/s12124-011-9167-6.
We give psychological elaboration to some of Rayner's (2011) ideas. For the idea of a space and boundaries within it many psychological explanations are possible. We elaborate the boundaries as these occur in urban contexts as well as in the flow of irreversible time (between future and past). Shifting boundaries or any act of transforming them leads to changes in the understanding of the whole. Boundaries within space and between different fields-while having a physical existence-have also a symbolic component, which is specific to human beings. We reframe the dynamic concept of boundaries along the lines of Bergson's idea of durée, which allows us conceptualize boundaries between bodies and environments, as well as boundaries in the environment, as ever transforming in spaces of ambiguity and, following Bakhtin, grotesque. This opens way for treating the boundary phenomena as functionally emerging in person-environment-or, in von Uexküll's terms, organism-Umwelt relation. Following Heidegger, we conclude that through dynamic boundary-making we as species dwell in the world and make the world.
我们对雷纳（2011）的一些观点进行了心理学阐释。对于空间及其内部边界的概念，有许多心理学解释是可行的。我们阐述了这些边界，它们出现在城市环境以及不可逆时间的流动（未来与过去之间）之中。边界的移动或对其进行的任何改变行为都会导致对整体理解的变化。空间内以及不同领域之间的边界——虽然具有物质存在——也具有象征成分，这是人类所特有的。我们沿着柏格森的绵延概念重新构建边界的动态概念，这使我们能够将身体与环境之间的边界以及环境中的边界概念化为在模糊空间中不断变化的，并且遵循巴赫金的观点，是怪诞的。这为将边界现象视为在人 - 环境中功能性地出现——或者用冯·于克斯屈尔的术语来说，在有机体 - 环境关系中出现——开辟了道路。遵循海德格尔的观点，我们得出结论，通过动态的边界构建，我们作为一个物种栖居于世界并塑造世界。
