Institute for Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2011;715:105-23. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-0940-9_7.
Staphylococcal adherence to an either biotic or abiotic surface is the critical first event in the establishment of an infection with these serious pathogens. Especially Staphylococcus aureus harbours a variety of proteinaceous and non-proteinaceous adhesins that mediate attachment to a multitude of host factors, such as extracellular matrix and plasma proteins and human host cells, or intercellular adhesion, which is essential for biofilm accumulation. Proteinaceous adhesins may be classified in covalently surface-anchored proteins of the MSCRAMM (microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules) family or in proteins that are surface-associated by different means, such as ionic or hydrophobic interactions. Non-covalently surface-associated proteins include the autolysin/adhesins, proteins of the SERAM (secretable expanded repertoire adhesive molecules) family, or membrane-spanning proteins. Non-proteinaceous adhesins comprise the polysaccharide PIA (polysaccharide intercellular adhesin) and wall teichoic and lipoteichoic acids. The features and functions of surface and surface-associated protein adhesins as well as of non-proteinaceous adhesins are discussed.
葡萄球菌对生物或非生物表面的附着是这些严重病原体感染建立的关键第一步。特别是金黄色葡萄球菌拥有多种蛋白质和非蛋白质黏附素，介导与多种宿主因子的附着，如细胞外基质和血浆蛋白以及人体宿主细胞，或细胞间黏附，这对于生物膜的积累是必不可少的。蛋白质黏附素可分为共价表面锚定的 MSCRAMM（微生物表面成分识别黏附基质分子）家族的蛋白质，或通过不同方式表面相关的蛋白质，如离子或疏水相互作用。非共价表面相关的蛋白质包括自溶素/黏附素、SERAM（可分泌扩展的 repertoire 黏附分子）家族的蛋白质或跨膜蛋白。非蛋白质黏附素包括多糖 PIA（多糖细胞间黏附素）和细胞壁磷壁酸和脂磷壁酸。讨论了表面和表面相关蛋白黏附素以及非蛋白质黏附素的特征和功能。
