Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
J Gen Psychol. 2011 Apr-Jun;138(2):127-54. doi: 10.1080/00221309.2010.542510.
Two experiments explored rapid extraction of gist from a visual text and its influence on word recognition. In both, a short text (sentence) containing a target word was presented for 200 ms and was followed by a target recognition task. Results showed that participants recognized contextually anomalous word targets less frequently than contextually consistent counterparts (Experiment 1). This context effect was obtained when sentences contained the same semantic content but with disrupted syntactic structure (Experiment 2). Results demonstrate that words in a briefly presented visual sentence are processed in parallel and that rapid extraction of sentence gist relies on a primitive representation of sentence context (termed protocontext) that is semantically activated by the simultaneous presentation of multiple words (i.e., a sentence) before syntactic processing.
两项实验探索了从视觉文本中快速提取主旨及其对单词识别的影响。在这两项实验中，呈现一个包含目标词的短文本（句子），持续 200 毫秒，然后进行目标识别任务。结果表明，与上下文一致的词相比，参与者较少识别出上下文异常的目标词（实验 1）。当句子包含相同的语义内容但句法结构被打乱时（实验 2），就会出现这种语境效应。结果表明，在短暂呈现的视觉句子中，单词是并行处理的，并且句子主旨的快速提取依赖于句子上下文的原始表示（称为原型语境），该表示通过同时呈现多个单词（即句子）在句法处理之前被语义激活。
