Institute of Cognitive Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2012 May;24(5):1104-12. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00148. Epub 2011 Oct 7.
We used ERPs to investigate the time course of interactions between lexical semantic and sublexical visual word form processing during word recognition. Participants read sentence-embedded pseudowords that orthographically resembled a contextually supported real word (e.g., "She measured the flour so she could bake a ceke…") or did not (e.g., "She measured the flour so she could bake a tont…") along with nonword consonant strings (e.g., "She measured the flour so she could bake a srdt…"). Pseudowords that resembled a contextually supported real word ("ceke") elicited an enhanced positivity at 130 msec (P130), relative to real words (e.g., "She measured the flour so she could bake a cake…"). Pseudowords that did not resemble a plausible real word ("tont") enhanced the N170 component, as did nonword consonant strings ("srdt"). The effect pattern shows that the visual word recognition system is, perhaps, counterintuitively, more rapidly sensitive to minor than to flagrant deviations from contextually predicted inputs. The findings are consistent with rapid interactions between lexical and sublexical representations during word recognition, in which rapid lexical access of a contextually supported word (CAKE) provides top-down excitation of form features ("cake"), highlighting the anomaly of an unexpected word "ceke."
我们使用事件相关电位（ERP）来研究词汇语义和次词汇视觉词形加工在单词识别过程中的相互作用的时间进程。参与者阅读句子嵌入式的假词，这些假词在拼写上与上下文支持的真实单词相似（例如，“她测量了面粉，以便可以烤一个蛋糕…”），或者不相似（例如，“她测量了面粉，以便可以烤一个 ton…”），以及非单词辅音串（例如，“她测量了面粉，以便可以烤一个 srdt…”）。与上下文支持的真实单词相似的假词（“ceke”）在 130 毫秒（P130）处诱发了增强的正性，相对于真实单词（例如，“她测量了面粉，以便可以烤一个蛋糕…”）。与不太可能的真实单词不相似的假词（“tont”）增强了 N170 成分，就像非单词辅音串（“srdt”）一样。该效应模式表明，视觉单词识别系统也许是反直觉的，对上下文预测输入的细微偏差比对明显偏差更为敏感。这些发现与单词识别过程中词汇和次词汇表示之间的快速相互作用一致，其中上下文支持的单词（CAKE）的快速词汇访问提供了形式特征（“cake”）的自上而下的兴奋，突出了意外单词“ceke”的异常。
