Department of Histopathology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK.
J Clin Pathol. 2011 Aug;64(8):701-5. doi: 10.1136/jcp.2011.090852. Epub 2011 May 11.
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells which are specialised to carry out lacunar bone resorption. Osteoclasts form part of the mononuclear phagocyte system, and immunophenotypic criteria for distinction from macrophage polykaryons include expression of CD51 (vitronectin receptor) and absence of HLA-DR and CD14.
The expression of CD14, CD163, HLA-DR and CD51 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of normal bone and neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of bone and soft tissue known to contain osteoclasts and macrophage polykaryons respectively was assessed immunohistochemically; the immunophenotype of osteoclast-like giant cells in a wide range of giant cell-containing bone lesions was similarly assessed.
Both osteoclasts and macrophage polykaryons were found to express CD51. Macrophage polykaryons, but not osteoclasts, expressed CD14 and HLA-DR. CD51+/CD14-/HLA-DR-/CD163- giant cells were noted in all giant-cell lesions of bone, including giant cell tumour of bone, aneurysmal bone cyst, non-ossifying fibroma, chondroblastoma, telangiectatic osteosarcoma, chondromyxoid fibroma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis and brown tumour.
Our findings indicate that CD51 expression alone is not sufficient for immunocytochemical identification of osteoclasts, which do not express the macrophage-associated antigens CD14 and HLA-DR. Giant cells in most giant cell-rich lesions of bone have an osteoclast phenotype, suggesting that they are formed from mononuclear phagocyte osteoclast precursors.
破骨细胞是具有特殊功能的多核细胞，专门进行陷窝骨吸收。破骨细胞是单核吞噬细胞系统的一部分，与巨噬细胞多核体的免疫表型鉴别标准包括 CD51（纤连蛋白受体）的表达和 HLA-DR 和 CD14 的缺失。
使用免疫组织化学方法评估福尔马林固定石蜡包埋的正常骨组织以及已知含有破骨细胞和巨噬细胞多核体的骨和软组织肿瘤和非肿瘤病变切片中 CD14、CD163、HLA-DR 和 CD51 的表达；同样评估了广泛的含巨细胞骨病变中破骨细胞样巨细胞的免疫表型。
发现破骨细胞和巨噬细胞多核体均表达 CD51。巨噬细胞多核体，但不是破骨细胞，表达 CD14 和 HLA-DR。在所有骨巨细胞瘤病变中均观察到 CD51+/CD14-/HLA-DR-/CD163-巨细胞，包括骨巨细胞瘤、动脉瘤样骨囊肿、非骨化性纤维瘤、软骨母细胞瘤、毛细血管扩张性骨肉瘤、软骨粘液样纤维瘤、朗格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症和棕色瘤。
我们的研究结果表明，CD51 的表达不足以用于破骨细胞的免疫细胞化学鉴定，破骨细胞不表达巨噬细胞相关抗原 CD14 和 HLA-DR。大多数富含巨细胞的骨病变中的巨细胞具有破骨细胞表型，表明它们是由单核吞噬细胞破骨细胞前体形成的。
