Leigh Marine Laboratory, University of Auckland, PO Box 349, Warkworth 0941, New Zealand.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2011 Jun;37(2):327-36. doi: 10.1007/s10695-011-9500-5. Epub 2011 May 12.
There is a wealth of evidence showing that a moderate level of non-stop exercise improves the growth and feed conversion of many active fishes. A diverse number of active fish are currently being farmed, and an optimal level of exercise may feasibly improve the production efficiency of these species in intensive culture systems. Our experiments have set out to resolve the growth benefits of juvenile New Zealand yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) enforced to swim in currents at various speeds over two temperatures (14.9 and 21.1 °C). We also probed potential sources of physiological efficiency in an attempt to resolve how growth is enhanced at a time of high energetic expenditure. Results show that long-term exercise yields a 10% increase in growth but this occurs in surprisingly low flows (0.75 BL s⁻¹) and only under favourable environmental temperatures (21.1 °C). Experiments using a swim flume respirometer indicate that exercise training has no effect on metabolic scope or critical swimming speeds but it does improve swimming efficiency (lower gross costs of transport, GCOT). Such efficiency may potentially help reconcile the costs of growth and exercise within the range of available metabolic energy (scope). With growth boosted in surprisingly low flows and elevated water temperatures only, further investigations are required to understand the bioenergetics and partitioning of costs in the New Zealand yellowtail kingfish.
有大量证据表明，适度的不间断运动可以促进许多活跃鱼类的生长和饲料转化率。目前有多种活跃鱼类正在养殖，适度的运动可能可以提高这些物种在集约化养殖系统中的生产效率。我们的实验旨在确定在两种温度（14.9 和 21.1°C）下，以不同速度在水流中强制游动的幼年新西兰黄尾鲷（Seriola lalandi）的生长益处。我们还探讨了生理效率的潜在来源，试图确定在高能量消耗时如何增强生长。结果表明，长期运动可使生长提高 10%，但这仅发生在流速非常低（0.75 BL s⁻¹）且环境温度适宜（21.1°C）的情况下。使用游泳水槽呼吸测量仪进行的实验表明，运动训练对代谢范围或临界游泳速度没有影响，但确实可以提高游泳效率（降低总运输成本，GCOT）。这种效率可能有助于在可用代谢能范围内（范围）协调生长和运动的成本。仅在流速低和水温升高的情况下，生长得到了显著提高，因此需要进一步研究以了解新西兰黄尾鲷的生物能量学和成本分配。
