Carlson D E, Klemcke H G, Gann D S
Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore 21201.
Am J Physiol. 1990 Mar;258(3 Pt 2):R645-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1990.258.3.R645.
Prolactin (PRL) responds to several stimuli that elicit release of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), but does not increase in response to hemorrhage in fetal animals. To determine whether PRL increases after hemorrhage in older animals, 11 immature female swine were prepared chronically under halothane and conditioned behaviorally to lie in a sling. They were bled 14 ml/kg over 5 min. PRL, ACTH, cortisol (F), lysine vasopressin (LVP), and pressure renin activity (PRA) were measured by radioimmunoassay. Epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NE) were separated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Arterial PRL increased at 0.75 and 1 h (P less than 0.01) and paralleled ACTH and F that peaked at 0.75 h (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01, respectively). All three hormones recovered significantly by 4 h. In contrast, PRA and LVP peaked transiently at 0.25 h after hemorrhage and recovered by 1.5 h (P less than 0.05, in each case). EPI and NE did not change significantly. In individual pigs, ACTH and F each showed correlations (Spearman) with PRL that were positive in 10 pigs and significant in six and five pigs, respectively. The pig with the smallest ACTH change (8.4 pg/ml peak) showed no increase in PRL. Peaks in PRL were simultaneous with (five pigs) or delayed by 15 min (four pigs) or 30 min (one pig) from peaks in ACTH. Significant correlations of PRL with PRA and with LVP occurred in only two pigs and in one pig, respectively. A common pathway may contribute to other independent mechanisms controlling the release of ACTH and PRL after hemorrhage.
催乳素（PRL）对多种刺激有反应，这些刺激会引发促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）的释放，但在胎儿动物中，出血不会使其增加。为了确定在年龄较大的动物出血后PRL是否会增加，11只未成熟的雌性猪在氟烷麻醉下长期准备，并进行行为训练使其躺在吊床上。在5分钟内给它们放血14毫升/千克。通过放射免疫分析法测量PRL、ACTH、皮质醇（F）、赖氨酸加压素（LVP）和压力肾素活性（PRA）。肾上腺素（EPI）和去甲肾上腺素（NE）通过高效液相色谱法分离。动脉PRL在0.75小时和1小时时升高（P<0.01），与在0.75小时达到峰值的ACTH和F平行（分别为P<0.05和P<0.01）。所有三种激素在4小时时显著恢复。相比之下，PRA和LVP在出血后0.25小时短暂达到峰值，并在1.5小时时恢复（每种情况均为P<0.05）。EPI和NE没有显著变化。在个体猪中，ACTH和F与PRL均显示出相关性（斯皮尔曼相关性），在10只猪中为正相关，在6只和5只猪中分别具有显著性。ACTH变化最小（峰值为8.4皮克/毫升）的猪PRL没有增加。PRL的峰值与ACTH的峰值同时出现（5只猪），或延迟15分钟（4只猪）或30分钟（1只猪）。PRL与PRA以及与LVP的显著相关性分别仅在2只猪和1只猪中出现。一条共同途径可能有助于控制出血后ACTH和PRL释放的其他独立机制。
