University of Michigan, Department of Psychology, Institute for Social Research, 426 Thompson Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2011 Oct;37(10):1287-96. doi: 10.1177/0146167211408922. Epub 2011 May 12.
All people have to complete dull tasks, but individuals who feel entitled may be more inclined to perceive them as a waste of their "precious" time, resulting in the perception that time drags. This hypothesis was confirmed in three studies. In Study 1, participants with higher trait entitlement (controlling for related variables) thought dull tasks took longer to complete; no link was found for fun tasks. In Study 2, participants exposed to entitled messages thought taking a dull survey was a greater waste of time and took longer to complete. In Study 3, participants subliminally exposed to entitled words thought dull tasks were less interesting, thought they took longer to complete, and walked away faster when leaving the laboratory. Like most resources, time is a resource valued more by entitled individuals. A time-entitlement link provides novel insight into mechanisms underlying self-focus and prosocial dynamics.
所有人都必须完成枯燥的任务,但那些自认为有资格的人可能更倾向于将这些任务视为浪费他们“宝贵”的时间,从而觉得时间过得很慢。这一假设在三项研究中得到了证实。在研究 1 中,具有较高特质权利感(控制相关变量)的参与者认为完成枯燥的任务需要更长的时间;而有趣的任务则没有这种关联。在研究 2 中,接触到有权利感信息的参与者认为完成枯燥的调查是更大的浪费时间,因此完成的时间更长。在研究 3 中,参与者在潜意识中接触到有权利感的词语后,认为枯燥的任务不那么有趣,完成时间也更长,离开实验室时走得更快。和大多数资源一样,时间是一种更受有权利感的人重视的资源。时间权利感的联系为自我关注和亲社会动态的潜在机制提供了新的见解。