Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland.
Public Health. 2011 Jun;125(6):380-8. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2011.02.014. Epub 2011 May 14.
To determine the prevalence of cold-related symptoms among the general population, especially people with pre-existing diseases.
Six thousand nine hundred and fifty-one men and women aged 25-74 years, who had participated in the National FINRISK 2002 Study, filled in a questionnaire on cold-related symptoms.
Age-specific and age-adjusted prevalence figures for cold-related symptoms were calculated. The symptoms were regressed for gender, age, region of residence, industry, self-reported disease and smoking.
Five percent of the subjects reported chest pain or arrhythmia in the cold, and higher prevalence figures were found for respiratory (men 26%/women 31%) and musculoskeletal symptoms (31%/28%). The prevalence of cold-related cardiovascular symptoms was particularly high among subjects with coronary heart disease (33%/46%) or cardiac insufficiency (25%/40%), as was the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among asthmatics (69%/78%) and subjects with chronic bronchitis (66%/77%). The symptoms increased with age, were more common in colder areas than milder areas, and were more common in those engaged in agricultural work than those engaged in industry or services. Cold-related cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms were more common among women than men. The regression-adjusted contributions (percentage points) to various cold-related symptoms were 2-45% for lung disease, 7-9% for cardiovascular disease, 3-15% for joint or back disease and 6-13% for mental disease.
Large proportions of people living in the north, particularly those with pre-existing medical conditions, experience cardiovascular, respiratory or musculoskeletal symptoms in the cold. Since the symptoms may predict future morbidity and mortality, a strategy is needed to reduce the cold-related health risks of the entire population.
确定普通人群中与感冒相关的症状的流行情况，特别是患有既往疾病的人群。
共有 6951 名 25-74 岁的男性和女性参加了 2002 年全国 FINRISK 研究，他们填写了一份与感冒相关症状的问卷。
计算了与感冒相关症状的年龄特异性和年龄调整流行率。对性别、年龄、居住地区、行业、自我报告的疾病和吸烟情况进行了回归分析。
5%的受试者在寒冷时报告胸痛或心律失常，呼吸道（男性 26%/女性 31%）和肌肉骨骼症状（31%/28%）的患病率较高。冠心病（33%/46%）或心功能不全（25%/40%）患者的感冒相关心血管症状患病率尤其高，哮喘患者（69%/78%）和慢性支气管炎患者（66%/77%）的呼吸道症状患病率也较高。症状随年龄增长而增加，在较冷地区比在较温和地区更为常见，在从事农业工作的人群中比在从事工业或服务业的人群中更为常见。感冒相关的心血管和呼吸道症状在女性中比男性更为常见。回归调整后的（百分点）对各种感冒相关症状的贡献为肺病 2-45%、心血管疾病 7-9%、关节或背部疾病 3-15%和精神疾病 6-13%。
生活在北方的人，特别是那些患有既往疾病的人，在寒冷时会出现心血管、呼吸道或肌肉骨骼症状。由于这些症状可能预示着未来的发病率和死亡率，因此需要制定一项策略来降低整个人群因感冒而产生的健康风险。
