Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad - 500 082, India.
Indian J Pharmacol. 2011 Apr;43(2):150-6. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.77350.
The main objective of the prescription audit of the secondary level government hospitals under the Maharashtra Health Systems Development Project (MHSDP) was to develop a list of essential drugs. Other objectives were to articulate measures for improving the prescription practices and to generate information on the core prescribing indicators proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO).
The study was conducted among a representative sample of 31 secondary level hospitals under MHSDP. A copy of the prescription was obtained with the help of a pre-inserted carbon, in a special format. Data for only 'first encounter prescriptions' was collected for all patients attending the Outpatient Department (OPD).
About 77 percent of the prescriptions contained only one diagnosis. The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.1. About 60 percent of the drugs were prescribed by generic names and about 23 percent of the prescribed drugs were in combination. About 25 percent of the prescriptions contained at least one injection, while 35 percent contained at least one antibiotic. In 16 percent of the prescriptions a vitamin or tonic was prescribed. About 46 percent of the single ingredient formulations were as per the WHO 2003, Essential Medicines List (EML). Based on the findings of the Prescription Audit an EML was prepared for each category of the secondary level hospitals, for use in the OPD.
Prescription audits are useful in generating data on morbidity, which forms the basis for preparing the list of essential medicines. Mechanisms necessary for improving prescription practices are suggested.
马哈拉施特拉邦卫生系统发展项目（MHSDP）下的二级政府医院处方审核的主要目的是制定基本药物清单。其他目标是制定改善处方实践的措施，并生成世界卫生组织（WHO）提出的核心处方指标的信息。
该研究在 MHSDP 下的 31 家二级医院的代表性样本中进行。在预插入的碳的帮助下，以特殊格式获得处方的副本。仅为所有在门诊部（OPD）就诊的患者收集“首次就诊处方”的数据。
约 77%的处方仅包含一个诊断。每张处方的平均用药量为 3.1 种。约 60%的药物按通用名开处方，约 23%的药物为组合药物。约 25%的处方包含至少一种注射剂，而 35%的处方包含至少一种抗生素。在 16%的处方中开了维生素或补品。约 46%的单一成分制剂符合世卫组织 2003 年基本药物清单（EML）。根据处方审核的结果，为二级医院的每一类准备了 EML，用于 OPD。
处方审核有助于生成有关发病率的数据，这是制定基本药物清单的基础。提出了改善处方实践所需的机制。
