Jose Jinish, Devassykutty Denny
Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Government Medical College , Kottayam, Kerala, India .
Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Believers Church Medical College , Thiruvalla, Kerala, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2016 Nov;10(11):FC05-FC08. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/22350.8797. Epub 2016 Nov 1.
Paediatric prescription analysis was done by vari-ous studies in tertiary care centers but not much published data, at primary care level. The Medical Council of India introduced new prescription format and also antibiotic stewardship program was launched by Government of Kerala in the year 2015. So in these contexts this study was conducted.
To analyse the patterns of prescriptions and drug dis-pensing in pediatric patients using WHO core drug use indicators and parameters in the prescription format prescribed by Medical Council of India.
Prospective study was done at a community health center, for a period of four months where parents of children attending the outpatient department were interviewed and the prescriptions and medicines that is with them was examined and analysed for any prescription errors or dispensing errors. For statistical analysis, quantitative variables were expressed in mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables in percentages.
The mean age of the patients was 6.1 (SD±3.4) years. The average number of drugs prescribed was 2.29 (SD±35.91), 98.4% drugs were prescribed by generic name. Majority of drugs prescribed were in the form of syrups (62.73%), use of antibiotics was frequent (73.18%), but injection use was very minimal (0.006%). Weight of the patient was recorded in 58.33% of the prescriptions. Only 30 prescriptions (5.43%) were written in capital letters. A 100% of the prescriptions contain the details of the child along with provisional diagnosis and signature of the doctor. A 98.44% of the drugs prescribed were from the essential drug list. Copy of the essential drug list is available at the institution. The availability of key drugs was 100%. 98.73% knew the correct dosages and 100% of the drugs were adequately labeled.
The prescription pattern is in accordance with the standard guidelines of WHO. Interventions are needed to rectify over prescription of antibiotics to strengthen antibiotic stewardship program so that emergence of drug resistant strains can be avoided.
三级医疗中心开展了多项关于儿科处方分析的研究，但基层医疗层面发表的数据不多。印度医学委员会引入了新的处方格式，喀拉拉邦政府于2015年启动了抗生素管理计划。在此背景下开展了本研究。
使用世界卫生组织核心药物使用指标和印度医学委员会规定的处方格式参数，分析儿科患者的处方模式和药物配药情况。
在一个社区卫生中心进行前瞻性研究，为期四个月，对门诊患儿的家长进行访谈，并检查和分析他们携带的处方和药品，以查找任何处方错误或配药错误。进行统计分析时，定量变量以均值和标准差表示，定性变量以百分比表示。
患者的平均年龄为6.1（标准差±3.4）岁。平均处方药物数量为2.29（标准差±35.91）种，98.4%的药物以通用名开具。所开处方的药物多数为糖浆剂（62.73%），抗生素使用频繁（73.18%），但注射剂使用极少（0.006%）。58.33%的处方记录了患者体重。只有30份处方（5.43%）用大写字母书写。100%的处方包含患儿详细信息以及临时诊断和医生签名。98.44%的处方药物来自基本药物清单。该机构备有基本药物清单副本。关键药物的供应率为100%。98.73%的人知道正确剂量，100%的药物标签完整。
处方模式符合世界卫生组织的标准指南。需要采取干预措施纠正抗生素过度处方问题，以加强抗生素管理计划，从而避免耐药菌株的出现。
