Wight Richard G, Ko Michelle J, Aneshensel Carol S
Res Aging. 2011 Jan 1;33(1):28-50. doi: 10.1177/0164027510383048.
This study examines associations between multiple urban neighborhood characteristics (socioeconomic disadvantage, affluence, and racial/ethnic composition) and depressive symptoms among late middle aged persons and compares findings to those previously obtained for persons age 70 years and older. Survey data are from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a U.S. national probability sample of noninstitutionalized persons aged 51 to 61 years in 1992. Neighborhoods are 1990 U.S. census tracts. Hierarchical linear regression is used to estimate multilevel models. Depressive symptoms vary significantly across urban neighborhoods among late middle age persons. Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage is significantly associated with depressive symptoms, net of both individual-level sociodemographic and health variables. However, this association is contingent upon individual-level wealth in that persons with low wealth in the most disadvantaged neighborhoods report the most depressive symptoms. Unlike findings for older adults for whom neighborhood effects appear to be entirely compositional in nature, neighborhood context matters to subgroups of late middle age adults.
本研究考察了多种城市邻里特征（社会经济劣势、富裕程度以及种族/族裔构成）与中年晚期人群抑郁症状之间的关联，并将研究结果与之前针对70岁及以上人群的研究结果进行比较。调查数据来自健康与退休研究（HRS），这是一项1992年对美国51至61岁非机构化人群进行的全国概率抽样调查。邻里区域为1990年美国人口普查区。采用分层线性回归来估计多层次模型。中年晚期人群的抑郁症状在不同城市邻里之间存在显著差异。邻里社会经济劣势与抑郁症状显著相关，在控制了个体层面的社会人口学和健康变量之后依然如此。然而，这种关联取决于个体层面的财富状况，即在最弱势邻里中财富水平低的人报告的抑郁症状最多。与老年人的研究结果不同，老年人的邻里效应似乎完全是由构成因素导致的，而邻里环境对中年晚期成年人的亚群体很重要。
