School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Neuropsychology. 2011 Sep;25(5):567-80. doi: 10.1037/a0023501.
We report data on the validation and functional correlates of Apples Test, which attempts to differentiate between different forms of unilateral neglect.
Study 1 presents data from 25 participants with chronic brain lesions who completed the Apples Test and another standard measure of neglect (Star Cancellation). The patients' performance relative to 86 controls was assessed and their relative performance across the two tests compared. Study 2 recruited 115 acute hospital stroke patients who completed the Apples Test as part of the Birmingham University Cognitive Screen procedure. We assessed the relations between the different forms of neglect. Study 3 examined neglect type (as measured by the Apples Test) among the acute stroke group in relation to their activities of daily living abilities and affect.
In Study 1 Apples Test scores correlated with Star Cancellation performance, while also differentiating between neglect across the page and neglect of parts of objects. Study 2 confirmed the dissociation from Study 1. "Pure" forms of each type of neglect were equally prevalent after right and left hemisphere lesions, while the presence of both deficits was associated with right hemisphere damage. Study 3 showed that each form of neglect also correlated with other measures of cognition. When compared with pure page-based neglect, object-centered neglect was associated with a lower Barthel score (p < .001), while patients with both forms of neglect had higher level of depression (p < .001) than those with the pure forms.
We conclude that the Apples test provides a clinically applicable measure of different forms of neglect. In addition it is a useful predictor of functional outcome. We discuss the nature of the two forms of neglect diagnosed by the test and the functional implications.
我们报告了 Apples 测试的验证数据和功能相关性，该测试试图区分不同形式的单侧忽略。
研究 1 提供了 25 名患有慢性脑损伤的参与者的数据，他们完成了 Apples 测试和另一种标准的忽视测试（星号删除）。评估了患者相对于 86 名对照者的表现，并比较了他们在两项测试中的相对表现。研究 2 招募了 115 名急性医院脑卒中患者，他们在伯明翰大学认知筛查程序中完成了 Apples 测试。我们评估了不同形式的忽视之间的关系。研究 3 检查了急性脑卒中组中（由 Apples 测试测量）的忽视类型与他们的日常生活能力和情感之间的关系。
在研究 1 中，Apples 测试得分与星号删除表现相关，同时也区分了页面上的忽视和物体部分的忽视。研究 2 证实了与研究 1 的分离。每种类型的忽视的“纯”形式在右半球和左半球损伤后同样常见，而两种缺陷的存在与右半球损伤有关。研究 3 表明，每种形式的忽视也与其他认知测量相关。与纯基于页面的忽视相比，以物体为中心的忽视与较低的巴氏量表评分（p<0.001）相关，而同时存在两种忽视的患者比仅存在纯形式的患者抑郁程度更高（p<0.001）。
我们得出结论，Apples 测试提供了一种临床适用的不同形式忽视的测量方法。此外，它还是功能预后的有用预测指标。我们讨论了该测试诊断的两种忽视形式的性质及其功能意义。
