Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Transfusion. 2011 Nov;51(11):2438-44. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03174.x. Epub 2011 May 16.
Insight into motivating factors and barriers for blood donation, especially for young people and underrepresented minorities, is important to donor recruitment and retention. We surveyed donors at a new blood collection facility based on a large, ethnically diverse university campus.
Individuals who had donated or attempted to donate at the facility during the first 17 months of its operation were invited by e-mail to respond to an anonymous, Web-based questionnaire. Respondents were asked to provide demographic characteristics, rate the importance of various motivating and deterring factors for blood donation, and indicate how they prefer to be contacted by the blood center.
More than 30% of the 1619 invitees responded, 95.6% (n = 479) of whom gave complete responses. The respondents were ethnically diverse, and 79.1% were between 18 and 28 years of age. Altruism was by far the most important motivating factor for donation. However, incentives were also rated as important or very important by 72.2% of the respondents. Inconvenience due to time or location constraints was the most important deterrent. E-mailing was the most preferred contact method and chosen by 80.3% of those surveyed. Some differences were noted in the responses from members of different age, sex, and ethnic groups.
Although overall altruism and inconvenience were the major motivating factor and deterrent for blood, some demographic differences existed in donor attitude toward incentive programs and preference for the method of contact used by blood centers for recruitment purposes.
深入了解献血的动机因素和障碍，尤其是针对年轻人和代表性不足的少数群体，对于招募和留住献血者至关重要。我们在一个大型、种族多样化的大学校园里的新采血设施中，对献血者进行了调查。
在该设施运营的头 17 个月内，通过电子邮件邀请曾在该设施献血或试图献血的个人，以回复匿名的网络问卷。受访者被要求提供人口统计学特征，对献血的各种激励因素和阻碍因素的重要性进行评分，并表示他们希望通过血液中心以何种方式联系。
在 1619 名受邀者中，超过 30%的人做出了回应，其中 95.6%（n=479）的人给出了完整的回复。受访者的种族多样化，79.1%的人年龄在 18 至 28 岁之间。利他主义是迄今为止献血的最重要的动机因素。然而，激励措施也被 72.2%的受访者评为重要或非常重要。由于时间或地点限制而带来的不便，是最重要的阻碍因素。电子邮件是最受欢迎的联系方式，80.3%的受访者选择了这种方式。不同年龄、性别和种族群体的受访者在回应方面存在一些差异。
尽管总体而言，利他主义和不便性是献血的主要动机因素和障碍，但在激励计划方面，献血者的态度以及对血液中心用于招募目的的联系方式的偏好方面存在一些人口统计学差异。
