Wang Ze-hai, Lin Wen-sen, Li Shu-yan, Zhao Shao-cheng, Wang Li, Yang Zhong-gang, Chen Jie, Zhang Zhen-fu, Yu Jin-zhen
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Qingxian, Hebei Province, Qingxian 062650, China.
Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2011 Mar;46(3):225-31.
To obtain the prevalence and related factors in allergic rhinitis (AR) and other allergic diseases in rural area in China through epidemiological investigation with large sample and multi-faceted survey data.
Face to face survey was conducted in different regions (rural areas of Cangzhou, Hebei, coastal fishing village of Bohai Bay, area of Wuling Mountain, Chengde, urban areas of Tianjin) from April 2007 to May 2009. In the same time, serum specific IgE (sIgE) was detected in the digits of every 0, 1or 5 in them. SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.
Five thousand and ten cases were investigated. There were 823 cases with the symptoms or signs of AR (16.4%). Four hundred and two cases were found to have positive serum sIgE antibody in 1576 detected cases (25.5%). One hundred and fourty-six cases with nasal allergic symptoms or signs were diagnosed as AR. The incidence of AR was 9.3% (146/1576). The occurrence of allergic symptoms or signs had a significant statistical difference with factors such as age, occupation, atopic constitution (χ(2) value were 7.96, 9.73, 16.53, 8.95 respectively, all P < 0.05), and it was closely related to lower respiratory tract allergies (β = 2.544, P < 0.01). The most common allergens were dog and cat epithelium in rural areas and dust mites in city.
The incidence of AR is higher whether in urban or rural areas, it should be taken seriously as the impact on human health. The occurrence is closely related to physical characteristics and environmental factors.
通过大样本、多层面调查数据的流行病学调查，了解我国农村地区变应性鼻炎（AR）及其他变应性疾病的患病率及相关因素。
2007年4月至2009年5月在不同地区（河北沧州农村、渤海湾沿海渔村、承德雾灵山地区、天津市区）进行面对面调查。同时，在每0、1或5人中抽取1人检测血清特异性IgE（sIgE）。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行数据分析。
共调查5010例。有823例有AR症状或体征（16.4%）。在1576例被检测者中，402例血清sIgE抗体呈阳性（25.5%）。146例有鼻部变应性症状或体征者被诊断为AR。AR发病率为9.3%（146/1576）。变应性症状或体征的发生与年龄、职业、特应性体质等因素有显著统计学差异（χ²值分别为7.96、9.73、16.53、8.95，均P<0.05），且与下呼吸道过敏密切相关（β=2.544，P<0.01）。农村最常见的变应原是狗和猫上皮，城市是尘螨。
AR无论是在城市还是农村发病率均较高，其对人类健康的影响应予以重视。其发生与体质特征及环境因素密切相关。
