Cravero Joseph P, Havidich Jeana E
Department of Anesthesiology, Dartmouth Medical School/Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
Paediatr Anaesth. 2011 Jul;21(7):800-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9592.2011.03617.x. Epub 2011 May 18.
Pediatric sedation continues to change in terms of the professionals who provide this care, those who produce original research on this topic, guidelines and literature concerning risk, medications employed, and methods for training for new providers. Some of the changes could be categorized as 'evolutionary' or gradual in nature and predictable - such as the changing role of anesthesiologists in the field of pediatric sedation and the use of the well-established dissociative sedative, ketamine. Other changes in pediatric sedation are more radical or 'revolutionary'. They include reconsideration of what is defined as an 'adverse event' during sedation, the use of propofol or dexmedetomidine, and the application of human patient simulation for training. This review will highlight the ongoing changes in the dynamic field of pediatric sedation by focusing on some of the important progress (both evolutionary and revolutionary) that has occurred across the varied specialties that provide this care.
在提供儿科镇静治疗的专业人员、针对该主题开展原创研究的人员、有关风险的指南和文献、所使用的药物以及新从业者的培训方法等方面，儿科镇静治疗一直在不断变化。其中一些变化在本质上可归类为“渐进式”或渐进的且可预测的——比如麻醉医生在儿科镇静领域角色的转变以及使用已广泛应用的解离性镇静剂氯胺酮。儿科镇静治疗的其他变化则更为激进或具有“革命性”。这些变化包括重新思考镇静期间何为“不良事件”、丙泊酚或右美托咪定的使用以及将模拟人用于培训。本综述将聚焦于提供此类治疗的不同专业领域中所取得的一些重要进展（包括渐进式和革命性的进展），以突出儿科镇静这一动态领域中持续发生的变化。
