Clinical Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Intensive Care, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Lab Anim. 2011 Jul;45(3):191-5. doi: 10.1258/la.2011.010128. Epub 2011 May 17.
Induction of anaesthesia using a face mask may cause workplace pollution with anaesthetics. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the use of a standard versus a scavenging double face mask on isoflurane pollution during induction of anaesthesia in experimental animals: six dogs, 12 pigs and five ponies. Pigs were anaesthetized only once using either mask type randomly (n = 6). Dogs and ponies were anaesthetized twice, using different mask types for each occasion in a random order with at least 14 days between experiments. The masks were attached to a Bain breathing system (dogs and pigs) or to a circle system (ponies) using a fresh gas flow of 300 or 50 mL/kg/min, respectively, with 5% vaporizer dial setting. Isoflurane concentrations were measured in the anaesthetist's breathing zone using an infrared photoacoustic spectrometer. The peak isoflurane concentrations (pollution) during baseline and induction periods were compared with Wilcoxon test in all species, and values between the mask types were compared with either Wilcoxon (ponies and dogs) or Mann-Whitney tests (pigs) (P < 0.05). Pollution was higher during induction when compared with baseline regardless of the mask type used but it was only statistically significant in dogs and pigs. Pollution was lower during induction with double versus single masks but it was only significant in pigs. Despite the lack of statistical significance, large and consistent differences were noted in all species, hence using scavenging masks is recommended to reduce isoflurane workplace pollution.
使用面罩诱导麻醉可能会导致麻醉剂在工作场所造成污染。本研究旨在比较使用标准和双清除面罩对实验动物诱导麻醉期间异氟醚污染的影响：六只狗、十二只猪和五只小马。仅对猪使用两种面罩类型中的一种进行一次麻醉（n = 6）。狗和小马进行了两次麻醉，使用不同的面罩类型，每次麻醉之间至少间隔 14 天，随机顺序进行。使用新鲜气体流量为 300 或 50 mL/kg/min 的 Bain 呼吸系统（狗和猪）或圆形系统（小马）将面罩连接到呼吸环路，异氟醚蒸发器设置为 5%。使用红外光声光谱仪在麻醉师的呼吸区测量异氟醚浓度。使用 Wilcoxon 检验比较所有物种基线和诱导期之间的异氟醚峰值浓度（污染），使用 Wilcoxon（小马和狗）或 Mann-Whitney 检验（猪）比较面罩类型之间的差异（P < 0.05）。无论使用哪种面罩，与基线相比，诱导期间的污染都更高，但仅在狗和猪中具有统计学意义。与单清除面罩相比，双清除面罩在诱导期间的污染较低，但仅在猪中具有统计学意义。尽管没有统计学意义，但在所有物种中都注意到了较大且一致的差异，因此建议使用清除面罩来减少异氟醚工作场所污染。
