Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2011 Oct;37(6):431-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2011.04.005. Epub 2011 May 17.
Sarcomas of the head and neck region are a rare group of tumors in children and present challenges with regard to evaluation and treatment. Rhabdomyosarcomas are the most common sarcomas of the head and neck in children. Presence of metastases and complete surgical resectability continue to be the most relevant clinical prognostic factors in patients with sarcomas. However, many patients present with unresectable tumors; these require radiation therapy, which is associated with concerns about immediate and long-term side effects. New technologies, including proton beam therapy (PBT), appear very promising in terms of reducing acute and long-term toxic effects. A multi-disciplinary approach is required for best long-term outcomes in children with head and neck sarcomas.
头颈部肉瘤是儿童中一类罕见的肿瘤，在评估和治疗方面存在挑战。横纹肌肉瘤是儿童头颈部最常见的肉瘤。转移的存在和完全手术切除仍然是肉瘤患者最相关的临床预后因素。然而，许多患者的肿瘤无法切除；这些患者需要放射治疗，这与对急性和长期副作用的担忧有关。新技术，包括质子束治疗（PBT），在降低急性和长期毒性作用方面似乎非常有前途。对于头颈部肉瘤患儿，需要采用多学科方法才能获得最佳的长期疗效。
