Zeelenberg René, Bocanegra Bruno R, Pecher Diane
Department of Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Exp Psychol. 2011;58(5):400-11. doi: 10.1027/1618-3169/a000109.
Recent studies show that emotional stimuli impair the identification of subsequently presented, briefly flashed stimuli. In the present study, we investigated whether emotional distractors (primes) impaired target processing when presentation of the target stimulus was not impoverished. In lexical decision, animacy decision, rhyme decision, and nonword naming, targets were presented in such a manner that they were clearly visible (i.e., targets were not masked and presented until participants responded). In all tasks taboo-sexual distractors caused a slowdown in responding to the subsequent neutral target. Our results indicate that the detrimental effects of emotional distractors are not confined to paradigms in which visibility of the target is limited. Moreover, impairments were obtained even when semantic processing of stimuli was not required.
最近的研究表明，情绪刺激会损害对随后呈现的短暂闪现刺激的识别。在本研究中，我们调查了在目标刺激的呈现并非匮乏的情况下，情绪干扰物（启动刺激）是否会损害目标加工。在词汇判断、有生命性判断、押韵判断和非词命名任务中，目标以清晰可见的方式呈现（即目标未被掩蔽且一直呈现到参与者做出反应）。在所有任务中，禁忌性的性干扰物都会导致对随后中性目标的反应变慢。我们的结果表明，情绪干扰物的有害影响并不局限于目标可见性受限的范式。此外，即使在不需要对刺激进行语义加工的情况下也会出现损害。
